Agriculture current affair
The Government of India has been implementing Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Micro Irrigation with the objective to enhance water use efficiency in the agriculture sector by promoting appropriate technological interventions like drip & sprinkler irrigation technologies and encourage the farmers to use water-saving and conservation technologies.
The Scheme was launched by the Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture in January, 2006 as Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Micro Irrigation (CSS). In June, 2010, it was up-scaled to National Mission on Micro Irrigation (NMMI), which continued till the year 2013-14.
From 1st April, 2014, NMMI was subsumed under National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) and implemented as “On Farm Water Management” (OFWM) during the financial year 2014-15.
From 1st April 2015, Micro Irrigation component of OFWM has been subsumed under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana. Now, it is being implemented as Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Micro Irrigation from the financial year 2015-16 as per the same pattern of assistance and cost norms as were prevailing under OFWM, until revised.
The Micro Irrigation scheme has been implemented in Assam w.e.f 2014-15. Although there is a high demand for irrigation including Micro Irrigation in the farmers’ field, the scheme is not gaining popularity in Assam.
The main reason behind this is that the scheme provides 60% Govt. assistance in the ratio of 90:10 (Central: State) and the rest 40% has to be contributed from farmers side. The farmers of Assam are mainly poor farmers and falls in the category of Small and Marginal and cannot effort to contribute famers’ share of 40%.Â
The Micro Irrigation viz Drip Irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation is slowly becoming important throughout India as it provides judicious use of available water and fertilizer and thereby increasing productivity. The following table shows the efficiency of different types of irrigation methods:-
| Irrigation Efficiencies | Methods of Irrigation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Surface | Sprinkler | Drip | |
| Conveyance efficiency (%) | 40-50 (canal) 60-70 (well) | 100 | 100 |
| Application efficiency(%) | 60-70 | 70-80 | 90 |
| Evaporation of surface water (%) | 30-40 | 30-40 | 20-25 |
| Overall efficiency (%) | 30-35 | 50-60 | 80-90 |
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