Mock Tests Series
Introduction - weed definition - harmful and beneficial effects of weeds
Classification of weeds – classification based on morphology – life cycle – habitat – origin – association – special features and soil pH with exmples.
Propagation of weeds – sexual – asexual – vegetative reproduction – dispersal of weed seeds and fruits
Weed Biology – characteristic features of weeds – weed ecology – definition – persistence of weeds climatic
Crop -weed competition - principles – factors - critical period of crop-weed competition - allelopathy.
Methods of weed management – preventive weed control measures – physical / mechanical, cultural,
Chemical and biological methods of weed control – bioherbicides - integrated weed management
Herbicides – definition - advantages and limitations of herbicide usage in India- classification of herbicides based on chemical nature - time and method of application
Classes of herbicides based on – selectivity – spectrum – translocation – residual nature – soi sterilants and fumigants – types of formulations.
Nomenclature of herbicides - commonly available herbicides in India – adjuvants -definition, their use in herbicides application.- surfactants
Mode of action of herbicides – important biochemical modes of action of herbicides interfearing with photosynthetic reactions
Selectivity of herbicides – fundamental principles of selectivity - differential rate of absorption - differences in morphology and growth habit of plants - rate of translocation.
Selectivity of herbicides - differential rate of deactivation of herbicides – metabolism - reverse metabolism – conjugation - protoplasmic resistance to the specific herbicide
Weed management in different crops and cropping systems – rice – nursery – upland rice – low land rice – wheat – sorghum – maize – redgram – blackgram – groundnut – sunflower.
Weed management in different crops and cropping systems – sugarcane – cotton - tobacco, Vegetables (tomato, onion, chilli and brinjal) and Orchards (mango, banana and citrus).
Aquatic Weeds – waterhyacinth – typha – ipomea – algal weeds and their control – problematic weeds – nutsedge – Bermuda grass – parthenium and their control.