1. What is the mycelium structure in Ascomycotina?
- a) Well-developed, branched, and septate
- b) Coenocytic and branched
- c) Non-septate and unbranched
- d) Simple and non-branched
Answer: a) Well-developed, branched, and septate
Plant Pathology MCQ E-Books
2. What is the structure of the cell wall in Ascomycotina?
- a) Chitin
- b) Cellulose
- c) Pectin
- d) Lignin
Answer: a) Chitin
3. The sexual spores in Ascomycotina are called:
- a) Conidia
- b) Zygospores
- c) Ascospores
- d) Basidiospores
Answer: c) Ascospores
4. How many ascospores are typically found in an ascus in Ascomycotina?
- a) 4
- b) 6
- c) 8
- d) 12
Answer: c) 8
5. Which of the following orders is part of the Hemiascomycetes class?
- a) Taphrinales
- b) Erysiphales
- c) Pleosporales
- d) Clavicipitales
Answer: a) Taphrinales
6. What is the characteristic feature of the Hemiascomycetes class?
- a) Presence of ascocarps
- b) Lack of ascocarps and unicellular thallus
- c) Mycelial structure with ascocarps
- d) Mycelium is non-septate
Answer: b) Lack of ascocarps and unicellular thallus
7. In the order Taphrinales, what is a common disease caused by Taphrina?
- a) Ergot of rye
- b) Leaf curl of peach
- c) Apple scab
- d) Stem gall of coriander
Answer: b) Leaf curl of peach
8. Which genus is associated with the disease “Stem gall of coriander”?
- a) Saccharomyces
- b) Taphrina
- c) Protomyces
- d) Sacchromyces
Answer: c) Protomyces
9. The ascocarps in the class Loculoascomycetes are typically:
- a) Apothecium
- b) Perithecium
- c) Cleistothecium
- d) Ascostroma
Answer: b) Perithecium
10. Which order in Loculoascomycetes contains the genus Venturia?
- a) Pleosporales
- b) Dothideales
- c) Myriangiales
- d) Hysteriales
Answer: a) Pleosporales
11. The family Venturiaceae in the order Pleosporales is known for which disease?
- a) Apple scab
- b) Leaf spot of ginger
- c) Ergot of sorghum
- d) Powdery mildew
Answer: a) Apple scab
12. In the class Pyrenomycetes, the ascocarp type is typically:
- a) Apothecium
- b) Cleistothecium
- c) Perithecium
- d) Pericarp
Answer: c) Perithecium
13. The genus Meliola belongs to which order in Pyrenomycetes?
- a) Erysiphales
- b) Meliolales
- c) Clavicipitales
- d) Taphrinales
Answer: b) Meliolales
14. The fungal species causing powdery mildew belong to which order?
- a) Clavicipitales
- b) Erysiphales
- c) Dothideales
- d) Pleosporales
Answer: b) Erysiphales
15. What type of mycelium do powdery mildews typically have?
- a) Subcuticular and endophytic
- b) Ectophytic to partially endophytic
- c) Deeply immersed
- d) Epiphytic
Answer: b) Ectophytic to partially endophytic
16. In powdery mildew fungi, conidia are typically borne on:
- a) Conidiophores in chains
- b) Basidiospores in chains
- c) Ascocarps
- d) Perithecia
Answer: a) Conidiophores in chains
17. Which genus in Erysiphales has perithecial appendages that are dichotomously branched?
- a) Sphaerotheca
- b) Podosphaera
- c) Microsphaera
- d) Erysiphe
Answer: b) Podosphaera
18. The genus Claviceps in the order Clavicipitales is known for causing:
- a) Apple scab
- b) Ergot of rye
- c) Leaf spot of ginger
- d) Leaf curl of peach
Answer: b) Ergot of rye
19. The ascocarps of Claviceps species are produced in:
- a) Apothecia
- b) Cleistothecia
- c) Perithecia
- d) Stromata
Answer: d) Stromata
20. The disease “Ergot of sorghum” is caused by:
- a) Claviceps purpurea
- b) Claviceps sorghi
- c) Erysiphe graminis
- d) Taphrina deformans
Answer: b) Claviceps sorghi
Plant Pathology MCQ E-Books21. In the order Dothideales, the genus Mycosphaerella is associated with which disease?
- a) Leaf curl of peach
- b) Powdery mildew
- c) Apple scab
- d) Leaf spot
Answer: d) Leaf spot
22. Which genus in the order Dothideales causes “Black spot” on roses?
- a) Guignardia
- b) Limacinia
- c) Mycosphaerella
- d) Capnodium
Answer: a) Guignardia
23. The genus Elsinoe, in the order Myriangiales, is associated with which disease?
- a) Powdery mildew
- b) Scab of apple
- c) Citrus scab
- d) Ergot of millet
Answer: c) Citrus scab
24. In the class Plectomycetes, ascocarps are typically:
- a) Cleistothecium
- b) Apothecium
- c) Perithecium
- d) Stromatic
Answer: a) Cleistothecium
25. What is the typical method of asexual reproduction in Hemiascomycetes?
- a) By conidia
- b) By conidiophores
- c) By yeast-like budding
- d) By gametangial fusion
Answer: c) By yeast-like budding
26. The family Taphrinaceae is found in which order?
- a) Endomycetales
- b) Taphrinales
- c) Protomycetales
- d) Pleosporales
Answer: b) Taphrinales
27. Which genus in the order Taphrinales causes “Leaf blister” of peach?
- a) Protomyces
- b) Saccharomyces
- c) Taphrina
- d) Sacchromyces
Answer: c) Taphrina
28. The genus Saccharomyces in the family Saccharomycetaceae is primarily known for its role in:
- a) Plant disease
- b) Fermentation
- c) Soil decay
- d) Insect parasitism
Answer: b) Fermentation
29. Which order in the class Loculoascomycetes includes the genus Mycosphaerella?
- a) Dothideales
- b) Pleosporales
- c) Hysteriales
- d) Myriangiales
Answer: a) Dothideales
30. The perithecia of Claviceps species are deeply immersed in a structure known as:
- a) Sclerotium
- b) Apothecium
- c) Stromata
- d) Ascostroma
Answer: c) Stromata
31. What is the primary characteristic of the powdery mildew symptoms on plants?
A) White powdery growth on stems and leaves
B) Brown, rust-colored lesions on leaves
C) Greenish-yellow spots on flowers
D) Water-soaked lesions on the leaves
Answer: A) White powdery growth on stems and leaves
32. In which subdivision is the powdery mildew pathogen classified?
A) Basidiomycotina
B) Zygomycotina
C) Ascomycotina
D) Glomeromycotina
Answer: C) Ascomycotina
33. What type of conidia are produced by the powdery mildew pathogen Oidiopsis?
A) Cylindrical, single-celled, and barrel-shaped
B) Club-shaped, single-celled
C) Oval, multicellular
D) Oval, multicellular with a central pore
Answer: B) Club-shaped, single-celled
34. Which of the following is NOT a genus of the powdery mildew fungi?
A) Uncinula
B) Sphaerotheca
C) Claviceps
D) Erysiphe
Answer: C) Claviceps
35. What is the main distinguishing factor between Oidiopsis and Ovulariopsis?
A) Type of conidia
B) Position of mycelium
C) Type of appendages on cleistothecia
D) Presence of haustoria
Answer: B) Position of mycelium
36. Which powdery mildew pathogen causes the disease on grapevine?
A) Erysiphe polygoni
B) Uncinula necator
C) Podosphaera eucommiae
D) Leveillula taurica
Answer: B) Uncinula necator
37. What is the primary symptom of powdery mildew on grapevine leaves?
A) Brown, necrotic spots
B) White powdery growth on the upper surface
C) Yellow streaks on stems
D) Black lesions on fruit
Answer: B) White powdery growth on the upper surface
38. What is the role of conidia in the disease cycle of powdery mildew?
A) They initiate secondary infection through wind dispersion
B) They help the pathogen survive through winter
C) They form the primary infection only
D) They form the ascocarp
Answer: A) They initiate secondary infection through wind dispersion
39. In powdery mildew, what type of ascocarp is typically produced?
A) Apothecium
B) Cleistothecium
C) Perithecium
D) Basidiocarp
Answer: B) Cleistothecium
40. What type of appendage is associated with the cleistothecium of Uncinula necator?
A) Myceloid
B) Circinate
C) Coiled
D) Dichotomously branched
Answer: B) Circinate
41. What is the main symptom of powdery mildew in pulses (Erysiphe polygoni)?
A) Black lesions on stems
B) Powdery white growth on leaves, stems, and pods
C) Chlorotic spots on fruit
D) Deformation of the flowers
Answer: B) Powdery white growth on leaves, stems, and pods
42. What type of conidia does Erysiphe polygoni produce?
A) Barrel-shaped and ovate
B) Fusiform and single-celled
C) Globular and multicellular
D) Long and branched
Answer: A) Barrel-shaped and ovate
43. Which of the following genera causes powdery mildew on chillies and pigeonpea?
A) Erysiphe
B) Leveillula
C) Microsphaera
D) Phyllactinia
Answer: B) Leveillula
44. What is the shape of the conidia produced by Leveillula taurica?
A) Cylindrical
B) Clavate
C) Oval
D) Fusiform
Answer: B) Clavate
45. What is the disease cycle of Leveillula taurica?
A) Conidia spread through wind and primary infection occurs on green surfaces
B) Ascospores germinate in soil to produce secondary infections
C) Sclerotia form and spread via insects
D) Primary infection occurs in flower petals and spreads by rainwater
Answer: A) Conidia spread through wind and primary infection occurs on green surfaces
Plant Pathology MCQ E-Books46. Which plant is affected by Phyllactinia guttata?
A) Grapevine
B) Rose
C) Mulberry
D) Apple
Answer: C) Mulberry
47. What is the typical symptom of powdery mildew on mulberry leaves?
A) Yellow streaks on flowers
B) White fungal growth on lower leaf surfaces
C) Black lesions on fruit
D) Red discoloration of stems
Answer: B) White fungal growth on lower leaf surfaces
48. Which fungus causes the sugary disease or ergot in pearl millet?
A) Sphaerotheca fusiformis
B) Claviceps fusiformis
C) Phyllactinia guttata
D) Leveillula taurica
Answer: B) Claviceps fusiformis
49. What is the main symptom of ergot disease in pearl millet?
A) Sticky honeydew exudation from spikelets
B) Brown spots on leaves
C) Yellowing of stems
D) Deformation of flowers
Answer: A) Sticky honeydew exudation from spikelets
50. What type of conidia are produced by Claviceps fusiformis?
A) Macroconidia and microconidia
B) Cylindrical and barrel-shaped
C) Oval and club-shaped
D) Fusiform and elongated
Answer: A) Macroconidia and microconidia
51. How does Claviceps fusiformis primarily spread its conidia?
A) Through insect vectors
B) Via wind and rainwater
C) By soil contact
D) Through direct plant-to-plant contact
Answer: A) Through insect vectors
52. What is the characteristic feature of Claviceps fusiformis sclerotia?
A) Long, club-shaped, and dark grey
B) Small, round, and white
C) Large, spherical, and black
D) Flattened and brown
Answer: A) Long, club-shaped, and dark grey
53. Where does the fungus Claviceps fusiformis perpetuate itself between seasons?
A) In the leaves of the host plant
B) In sclerotia found in soil and plant debris
C) In the form of conidia on the host fruit
D) As dormant spores in flower buds
Answer: B) In sclerotia found in soil and plant debris
54. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of ergot disease caused by Claviceps fusiformis?
A) Exudation of honeydew from spikelets
B) Formation of dark, sticky patches
C) Transformation of ovaries into sclerotia
D) Presence of black lesions on leaves
Answer: D) Presence of black lesions on leaves
55. How does Claviceps fusiformis produce its perithecia?
A) In the leaves of the host plant
B) On the surface of the sclerotia
C) In the flowers of the host plant
D) Within the spikelets
Answer: B) On the surface of the sclerotia
56. What is the role of ascospores in the disease cycle of Claviceps fusiformis?
A) They spread the disease from plant to plant
B) They initiate infection during secondary spread
C) They survive in the soil and germinate to cause primary infection
D) They form the conidial stage
Answer: C) They survive in the soil and germinate to cause primary infection
57. What type of appendage is associated with the cleistothecium of Phyllactinia guttata?
A) Myceloid
B) Coiled
C) Bulbous base and spear-like tip
D) Dichotomously branched
Answer: C) Bulbous base and spear-like tip
58. What is the primary symptom of powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni in pulses?
A) Black spots on stems
B) Yellowing of flower petals
C) Greyish-white powdery growth on leaves, stems, and pods
D) Necrotic lesions on stems
Answer: C) Greyish-white powdery growth on leaves, stems, and pods
59. In the powdery mildew cycle, which structure helps the fungus survive through winter?
A) Ascospores in cleistothecia
B) Conidia in the air
C) Sclerotia in the soil
D) Mycelium in the roots
Answer: A) Ascospores in cleistothecia
60. Which pathogen causes the powdery mildew of apple trees?
A) Podosphaera eucommiae
B) Microsphaera alphitoides
C) Sphaerotheca pannosa
D) Erysiphe polygoni
Answer: B) Microsphaera alphitoides
61. What is the characteristic symptom of sugary disease (ergot) in sorghum caused by Claviceps sorghi?
A) White powdery fungal growth on leaves
B) Exudation of pinkish or brownish sticky fluid from the spikelets
C) Yellowing and premature leaf drop
D) Dark streaks on the stem
Answer: B) Exudation of pinkish or brownish sticky fluid from the spikelets
62. In the sugary disease (ergot) cycle of Claviceps sorghi, the infected ovary is transformed into what structure?
A) Mycelium
B) Conidia
C) Sclerotia
D) Perithecia
Answer: C) Sclerotia
63. The conidia of Claviceps sorghi are described as:
A) Hyaline, single-celled, oblong with a constriction in the middle
B) Cylindrical and barrel-shaped
C) Club-shaped and single-celled
D) Multicellular and septate
Answer: A) Hyaline, single-celled, oblong with a constriction in the middle
64. Which of the following is the characteristic stage in the life cycle of Claviceps sorghi after the honeydew stage?
A) Sclerotial stage
B) Perithecia stage
C) Conidial stage
D) Mycelial stage
Answer: A) Sclerotial stage
65. The perithecia in the disease cycle of Claviceps sorghi are described as:
A) Round and black
B) Cylindrical and straight
C) Pyriform and arranged in the periphery of the stipe
D) Dichotomously branched appendages
Answer: C) Pyriform and arranged in the periphery of the stipe
66. How are the ascospores of Claviceps sorghi spread?
A) By water droplets
B) By insects attracted to the honeydew
C) By direct contact with the soil
D) By root-to-root contact
Answer: B) By insects attracted to the honeydew
67. What structure is formed by the sclerotia of Claviceps sorghi under favorable conditions?
A) Stromatic stalk or stipe
B) Perithecial ascospores
C) Conidiophore clusters
D) Mycelial mats
Answer: A) Stromatic stalk or stipe
68. Which of the following best describes the disease cycle of Claviceps purpurea (ergot of rye)?
A) Sclerotia germinate and produce conidia, which spread by wind
B) Ascospores are ejected from perithecia and spread by insects
C) Sclerotia fall into the soil and germinate to form mycelium
D) Perithecia form on the leaves and spread through rain
Answer: B) Ascospores are ejected from perithecia and spread by insects
69. What is the primary method of secondary infection in Claviceps species?
A) Wind-borne conidia
B) Direct contact with soil
C) Insects carrying conidia to healthy flowers
D) Rain splash dispersal
Answer: C) Insects carrying conidia to healthy flowers
70. The sclerotia produced by Claviceps sorghi are characterized as:
A) White and fluffy
B) Black and cylindrical, with a straight or curved shape
C) Yellow and powdery
D) Red and globose
Answer: B) Black and cylindrical, with a straight or curved shape
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