1. What is the main characteristic of the mycelium in Zygomycotina?
- a) Septate, branched
- b) Coenocytic, branched
- c) Non-branched, septate
- d) Non-coenocytic, unbranched
Answer: b) Coenocytic, branched
2. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Zygomycotina’s cell wall?
- a) Chitin
- b) Cellulose
- c) Pectin
- d) Lignin
Answer: a) Chitin
3. The sexual spores of Zygomycotina are called:
- a) Conidia
- b) Zygospores
- c) Sporangiospores
- d) Ascospores
Answer: b) Zygospores
4. What is the typical reproduction method of Zygomycotina?
- a) Asexual by sporangia and sexual by zygospores
- b) Asexual by conidia and sexual by ascospores
- c) Asexual by conidia and sexual by basidiospores
- d) Asexual by sporangia and sexual by basidiospores
Answer: a) Asexual by sporangia and sexual by zygospores
5. The genus Rhizopus is associated with which family?
- a) Mucoraceae
- b) Choanephoraceae
- c) Endogonaceae
- d) Albuginaceae
Answer: a) Mucoraceae
6. What type of rot does Rhizopus artocarpii cause in jackfruit?
- a) Soft rot
- b) Dry rot
- c) Wilt
- d) Leaf spot
Answer: a) Soft rot
7. What is the characteristic of the sporangia produced by Rhizopus artocarpii?
- a) Spherical, black, and contain sporangiospores
- b) Oval, white, and contain conidia
- c) Cylindrical, brown, and contain ascospores
- d) Cup-shaped, green, and contain basidiospores
Answer: a) Spherical, black, and contain sporangiospores
8. What is the role of rhizoids in Rhizopus?
- a) To anchor the fungus to the substrate
- b) To produce spores
- c) To form sexual spores
- d) To transport water
Answer: a) To anchor the fungus to the substrate
9. In Rhizopus, the aerial hyphae produce a structure called:
- a) Stolons
- b) Rhizoids
- c) Conidiophores
- d) Sporangiophores
Answer: d) Sporangiophores
10. Which of the following best describes the structure of the sporangium in Rhizopus?
- a) A spherical structure with a columella at the center
- b) A cylindrical structure with a long stalk
- c) A cup-shaped structure with smooth walls
- d) A globose structure with multiple layers
Answer: a) A spherical structure with a columella at the center
11. The process of sexual reproduction in Rhizopus involves the fusion of which structures?
- a) Gametangia
- b) Conidiophores
- c) Hyphal tips
- d) Spores
Answer: a) Gametangia
12. What happens during the process of plasmogamy in Rhizopus?
- a) The fusion of two gametangia
- b) The production of asexual spores
- c) The formation of the columella
- d) The release of zoospores
Answer: a) The fusion of two gametangia
13. The zygospore in Rhizopus is characterized by which feature?
- a) Thick walled and black
- b) Thin walled and transparent
- c) Small and white
- d) Smooth and colorless
Answer: a) Thick walled and black
14. After a resting period, the zygospore in Rhizopus germinates to produce:
- a) A germ tube that develops into a sporangiophore
- b) Zoospores that swim and infect the host
- c) New gametangia
- d) New rhizoids
Answer: a) A germ tube that develops into a sporangiophore
15. Which of the following is NOT a genus under the Mucoraceae family?
- a) Mucor
- b) Rhizopus
- c) Phycomyces
- d) Choanephora
Answer: d) Choanephora
16. Rhizopus is primarily associated with which type of host?
- a) Fruits
- b) Leaves
- c) Roots
- d) Stems
Answer: a) Fruits
17. What is the role of stolons in Rhizopus?
- a) To connect different groups of rhizoids
- b) To produce spores
- c) To anchor the fungus to the substrate
- d) To form sexual spores
Answer: a) To connect different groups of rhizoids
18. Which of the following diseases is caused by Rhizopus artocarpii?
- a) Fruit rot of jackfruit
- b) Wilt of tomato
- c) Leaf spot on cabbage
- d) Root rot of sweet potato
Answer: a) Fruit rot of jackfruit
19. The sporangia in Rhizopus are released when:
- a) The sporangial wall dissolves
- b) The gametangia fuse
- c) The hyphal tips meet
- d) The zygospores mature
Answer: a) The sporangial wall dissolves
20. The sexual reproduction in Rhizopus occurs when:
- a) Two different strains meet and fuse
- b) The spores germinate
- c) The zygospore is formed
- d) The sporangium is released
Answer: a) Two different strains meet and fuse
21. In Rhizopus, what is the function of the suspensor?
- a) To support the gametangia during fusion
- b) To transport nutrients to the mycelium
- c) To release sporangiospores
- d) To produce rhizoids
Answer: a) To support the gametangia during fusion
22. What triggers the formation of the zygospore in Rhizopus?
- a) The fusion of morphologically similar gametangia
- b) The release of asexual spores
- c) The development of rhizoids
- d) The breakdown of the host tissue
Answer: a) The fusion of morphologically similar gametangia
23. Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of Rhizopus artocarpii?
- a) Spherical sporangia
- b) Non-septate, branched mycelium
- c) Asexual spores are motile
- d) Zygospores are thick-walled and warty
Answer: c) Asexual spores are motile
24. Which structure is responsible for the attachment of Rhizopus to its substrate?
- a) Rhizoids
- b) Sporangium
- c) Zygospore
- d) Stolon
Answer: a) Rhizoids
25. How do sporangiospores germinate in Rhizopus?
- a) By forming a germ tube that develops into a mycelium
- b) By forming zoospores that swim and infect
- c) By forming conidia
- d) By undergoing plasmogamy
Answer: a) By forming a germ tube that develops into a mycelium
26. Which of the following is a symptom of fruit rot caused by Rhizopus artocarpii?
- a) Greyish growth turning into black growth
- b) Leaves turning yellow and wilting
- c) Blackened root tips
- d) Formation of white spots on the leaves
Answer: a) Greyish growth turning into black growth
27. The aerial hyphae of Rhizopus bend at certain points and form:
- a) Rhizoids
- b) Stolons
- c) Sporangia
- d) Zygospores
Answer: b) Stolons
28. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Rhizopus sporangium?
- a) Contains a single-celled, non-motile sporangiospore
- b) Contains motile, biflagellate zoospores
- c) Forms at the tips of progametangia
- d) Is cup-shaped with smooth walls
Answer: a) Contains a single-celled, non-motile sporangiospore
29. In Rhizopus, the zygospore is produced after:
- a) Plasmogamy
- b) Germination of sporangia
- c) Formation of rhizoids
- d) Release of zoospores
Answer: a) Plasmogamy
30. Which part of Rhizopus mycelium produces the sporangium?
- a) Sporangiophore
- b) Stolon
- c) Rhizoid
- d) Gametangium
Answer: a) Sporangiophore
