Rice to related Facts with Image (#2003)

Most important Agriculture facts related to Rice (Paddy). one-liner important for AFO, ICAR, JRF, BHU, Pre-PG, JET, RRB-SO, IBPS-SO, IFFCO-AGT, NABAD, etc All Agri-exams

**Botanical name:** Oryza sativa, **Origin:** Indo-Burma, **Family:** Gramineae, **Chromosome no. (2n):** 24

**Fruit type of rice is caryopsis**, •**The grain cryopsis is tightly enclosed by lema and palea collectively called the hull.** •**Rice Inflorescence known as panical.**•**Rice stem is called Culm.**

**Oryza sativa has 3 varietal types**: •**Indica:** Growing in India (Tropical rice), •**Japonica:** Growing in Japan (Subtropical rice), •**Javanica:** Growing in Indonesia (wild rice).

**Sowing/Harvesting Time**, Aus, Aman, Boro

**Seed** **Rate**: **Broadcasting** – **100 kg/ha**, **Drilling** – **60 kg/ha**, **Hybrid**
**rice** – **15 kg/ha**, **SRI System** – **5-6 kg/ha**, **Dapog method** – **1.5-2 kg/ha**.

**BGA (Blue green algae)** fixes 20-30 kg nitrogen /ha in a rice field.

Rice **Disease** : **Blast of Rice** caused by ***Pyricularia oryzae***,
**Sheath Blight** C.O. ***Rhizoctonia solani***
**Brown Spot** C. O. ***Helminthosporium oryzae***
**Bacterial Leaf Blight (Kresek)** C.O. ***Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae***
**Foot rot or Bakanae disease** C.O. ***Fusarium moniliforme***
**False smut** C.O. ***Ustilaginoidea virens***

**Major Pests** : **Green leaf hopper** (***Nephotettix virescens***), **Brown plant hopper** (***Nilaparvata lugens***), **White backed plant hopper** (***Sogatella furcifera***), **Rice Gundhi bug** (***Leptocorisa acuta***), **Thrips** (***Stenchaetothrips biformis***)

Rice grain contain 20-25 % Moisture at Harvesting time.
In India average yield/ha: 3.62 Tonnes
Punjab & Southern state (Rice Yield): 55-60 q/ha

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