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    • MCQ on Our journey in agriculture and vision for the future essay

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged ,

    MCQ on Our journey in agriculture and vision for the future essay ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. What was the main catalyst for the establishment of the Famine Commission of 1880? A) Drought B) Floods C) Earthquake D) Famine Answer: D) Famine Explanation: The famine that occurred from 1876-78 led to the institution of the Famine Commission of 1880. Who founded the Imperial Agriculture Research Institute in 1905 at Pusa? A) Lord Curzon B) Henry Phipps C) Marquees of Linlithgo D) Indian Government Answer: A) Lord Curzon Explanation: Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, founded the Imperial Agriculture Research Institute in 1905 at Pusa. What disaster prompted the relocation of the Institute from Pusa to New Delhi? A) Floods B) Drought C) Earthquake D) Tsunami Answer: C) Earthquake Explanation: The disastrous earthquake in 1936 prompted the relocation of the Institute from Pusa to New Delhi. When did the Institute at New Delhi gain the status of a Deemed University? A) 1936 B) 1947 C) 1956 D) 1958 Answer: C) 1956 Explanation: Under the University Grants Commission Act 1956, the Institute at New Delhi gained the status of a Deemed University. Which committee was formed in 1921 as per the recommendation of the Indian Central Cotton Commission? A) Indian Central Cotton Committee (ICCC) B) Famine Commission C) Royal Commission D) Cooperative Societies Act Committee Answer: A) Indian Central Cotton Committee (ICCC) Explanation: The Indian Central Cotton Committee (ICCC) was formed in 1921 as per the recommendation of the Indian Central Cotton Commission. When was the Royal Commission appointed to examine the condition of agricultural and rural economy in India? A) 1880 B) 1905 C) 1921 D) 1926 Answer: D) 1926 Explanation: The Royal Commission was appointed in 1926 to examine the condition of agricultural and rural economy in India. Which act gave the Institute at New Delhi the authority to intensify its teaching and research activities from 1958? A) Cooperative Societies Act B) University Grants Commission Act C) Land Alienation Act D) Famine Commission Act Answer: B) University Grants Commission Act Explanation: Under the University Grants Commission Act 1956, the Institute at New Delhi gained the authority to intensify its teaching and research activities from 1958. What event convinced Lord Curzon of the urgent need to pay attention to agriculture? A) Earthquake B) Floods C) Famine D) Drought Answer: C) Famine Explanation: The horrors of the famine of 1889-90 convinced Lord Curzon of the urgent need to pay attention to agriculture. What was the main building at Pusa named after? A) Lord Curzon B) Indian Government C) Henry Phipps D) Marquees of Linlithgo Answer: C) Henry Phipps Explanation: The main building at Pusa was named after its donor, Henry Phipps, as the Phipps Laboratory. How many Agricultural and Veterinary Colleges were there in India in 1947? A) 22 B) 27 C) 30 D) 35 Answer: B) 27 Explanation: In 1947, India had about 27 Agricultural and Veterinary Colleges. When was the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) established? A) 1860 B) 1929 C) 1943 D) 1957 Answer: B) 1929 Explanation: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) was established in 1929 as a Society under the Societies Registration Act. What event deepened the food crisis and became a matter of great concern to the Government of India during World War II? A) Bengal famine in 1943 B) Second World War C) Grow More Food campaign D) Formation of Indian Central Coconut Committee Answer: A) Bengal famine in 1943 Explanation: The Bengal famine in 1943 deepened the food crisis and became a matter of great concern to the Government of India during World War II. Which campaign was initiated in 1943 to meet the food shortage in India? A) Grow More Food B) Green Revolution C) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan D) Food Security Mission Answer: A) Grow More Food Explanation: The Grow More Food campaign was initiated in 1943 to meet the food shortage in India. When were the Indian Central Coconut Committee and the Indian Central Tobacco Committee formed? A) 1943 B) 1945 C) 1949 D) 1958 Answer: B) 1945 Explanation: The Indian Central Coconut Committee and the Indian Central Tobacco Committee were formed in 1945. Which coordinated project on maize led to the birth of All India Coordinated Research Projects (AICRPs)? A) Started in 1929 B) Developed with assistance from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1957 C) Initiated during the Bengal famine D) A result of the Grow More Food campaign Answer: B) Developed with assistance from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1957 Explanation: The coordinated project on maize developed with assistance from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1957 led to the birth of All India Coordinated Research Projects (AICRPs). How many All India Coordinated Research projects are currently undertaken by ICAR? A) About 20 B) About 50 C) About 70 D) About 100 Answer: C) About 70 Explanation: ICAR now has about 70 All India Coordinated Research projects covering various disciplines and commodity crops, livestock, fisheries, home science, and agricultural engineering. How many research institutes does ICAR directly administer? A) 10 B) 20 C) 30 D) 32 Answer: D) 32 Explanation: ICAR directly administers 32 research institutes in the fields of agriculture, animal sciences, and fisheries. Which institute is known as the premier agricultural research institute in India? A) Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) B) National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) C) Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) D) All of the above Answer: C) Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Explanation: The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, is known as the premier agricultural research institute in India. What was the purpose of the Project for Identification of Regional Research on Cotton, Oilseeds, and Millets (PIRRCOM)? A) To establish regional research stations B) To coordinate research on multiple crops C) To develop new crop varieties D) To conduct research on soil fertility Answer: B) To coordinate research on multiple crops Explanation: PIRRCOM aimed to coordinate research on cotton, oilseeds, and millets across

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    MCQ on Role of cattle and other domestic animals – management of cattle for draught and milk – indigenous breeds

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged ,

    MCQ on Role of cattle and other domestic animals – management of cattle for draught and milk – indigenous breeds for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. Which country ranks first in both cattle and buffalo population globally? a) China b) India c) United States d) Brazil Answer: b) India Explanation: India ranks first in both cattle and buffalo population globally, with 15% and 52% respectively. 2. How many breeds of cattle does India have? a) 10 b) 15 c) 26 d) 30 Answer: c) 26 Explanation: India has the largest number of cattle breeds in the world, totaling 26. 3. Which characteristics make zebu cattle prized in India and globally? a) Cold tolerance and high milk production b) Disease resistance and heat tolerance c) Ability to survive in waterlogged areas d) Short gestation period and large body size Answer: b) Disease resistance and heat tolerance Explanation: Zebu cattle are highly valued for their disease resistance, heat tolerance, and ability to thrive in harsh environments. 4. What percentage of India’s gross national product is contributed by animal husbandry? a) 10% b) 26.4% c) 50% d) 75% Answer: b) 26.4% Explanation: Animal husbandry contributes 26.4% to India’s gross national product. 5. What is the annual growth rate of animal husbandry in India? a) 2.5% b) 6.2% c) 10% d) 15.5% Answer: b) 6.2% Explanation: The annual growth rate of animal husbandry in India is 6.2%. 6. Which sector ranks first in milk production globally? a) China b) United States c) India d) Brazil Answer: c) India Explanation: India ranks first in milk production globally. 7. How does animal husbandry contribute to agriculture and rural life? a) By providing employment opportunities only b) By serving as a source of food, power, and other resources c) By reducing crop yields through overgrazing d) By contributing to urbanization Answer: b) By serving as a source of food, power, and other resources Explanation: Animal husbandry contributes to agriculture and rural life by providing various resources such as food, power, manure, etc. 8. Which animal is not mentioned as a source of various products in the passage? a) Cattle b) Sheep c) Dogs d) Goats Answer: c) Dogs Explanation: Dogs are not mentioned as a source of various products in the passage. 9. What is the significance of indigenous breeds in India’s livestock heritage? a) They are known for their high milk production. b) They contribute to genetic diversity and adaptation to local conditions. c) They are primarily raised for meat production. d) They are imported from other countries. Answer: b) They contribute to genetic diversity and adaptation to local conditions. Explanation: Indigenous breeds play a significant role in India’s livestock heritage by contributing to genetic diversity and adaptation to local conditions. 10. Which continent has not received zebu cattle exports from India? a) Asia b) Africa c) Europe d) Australia Answer: c) Europe Explanation: Zebu cattle exports from India have been received by countries in Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Australia, but not Europe. 11. Which animal was the first to be domesticated according to the passage? a) Cow b) Dog c) Horse d) Elephant Answer: b) Dog Explanation: The passage states that the dog was the first animal to be domesticated in the Old Stone Age (10,000 BC). 12. In which period were other farm animals domesticated according to the passage? a) Old Stone Age b) Middle Ages c) New Stone Age d) Industrial Revolution Answer: c) New Stone Age Explanation: Other farm animals were domesticated in the New Stone Age, around 7500-6500 BC. 13. Which animals were considered to be domesticated first in Europe and Asia? a) Cow and pig b) Horse and cow c) Sheep and goat d) Dog and cat Answer: b) Horse and cow Explanation: It is considered that the horse and cow were domesticated first in Europe and Asia. 14. Which animal was domesticated first in China? a) Cow b) Pig c) Horse d) Elephant Answer: b) Pig Explanation: The passage mentions that the pig was domesticated first in China. 15. According to the passage, which animal was domesticated first in India? a) Cow b) Pig c) Elephant d) Buffalo Answer: d) Buffalo Explanation: The passage states that poultry, elephants, and buffaloes were domesticated first in India. 16. What does evidence from Mohenjo-daro suggest about indigenous cattle breeds? a) They were brought to India by Aryans. b) They originated outside of India. c) They originated in India. d) They were imported from Europe. Answer: c) They originated in India Explanation: Evidence from Mohenjo-daro excavation suggests that indigenous breeds of cattle originated in India and were not brought by Aryans. 17. According to Vedic literature, what are some uses of animals and birds for human society? a) Only food items such as milk and meat b) Only medicinal purposes c) Various purposes including food, medicine, clothing, and agriculture d) Entertainment purposes only Answer: c) Various purposes including food, medicine, clothing, and agriculture Explanation: Vedic literature mentions multiple uses of animals and birds for human society, including food items, medicines, clothing, and agriculture. 18. What do animals and bird sounds indicate according to Vedic literature? a) Future weather patterns b) Presence of food sources c) Upcoming festivals d) Directions for hunting Answer: a) Future weather patterns Explanation: According to Vedic literature, animal and bird sounds serve as indicators of future events such as rains, lightning, and earthquakes. 19. Which civilization’s excavation suggests the origin of indigenous cattle breeds in India? a) Egyptian civilization b) Indus Valley civilization c) Mesopotamian civilization d) Roman civilization Answer: b) Indus Valley civilization Explanation: Evidence from Mohenjo-daro excavation, which belongs to the Indus Valley civilization, suggests the origin of indigenous cattle breeds in India. 20. What was the order of domestication of animals according to the passage? a) Elephant, horse, cow, pig b) Cow, horse, dog, elephant c) Dog, goat, sheep, cow d) Dog, goat, sheep, cow, buffalo, pig, elephant, horse, camel, ass Answer:

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    MCQ on Traditional Knowledge Technology

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , , ,

    Traditional Knowledge Technology  MCQ for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. Which of the following best describes the current state of agriculture in India, according to the passage? A) Self-sufficiency achieved through sustainable farming methods. B) Reliance on exploitative agriculture with increased use of chemicals and machinery. C) Adoption of traditional farming practices leading to increased productivity. D) Dependence on indigenous farming techniques to combat environmental challenges. Answer: B) Reliance on exploitative agriculture with increased use of chemicals and machinery. Explanation: The passage states that India has moved towards “exploitative” agriculture with increased dependency on machinery and chemicals, which has proven counterproductive. 2. What is suggested as the best solution to the agricultural challenges mentioned in the passage? A) Completely abandoning modern technology. B) Focusing solely on traditional farming practices. C) Blending modern technology with traditional knowledge. D) Promoting industrialized agriculture. Answer: C) Blending modern technology with traditional knowledge. Explanation: The passage suggests that integrating scientific and traditional knowledge could help develop sustainable and locally applicable agricultural technologies. 3. Which group is highlighted as possessing valuable indigenous agricultural knowledge? A) Urban farmers B) Tribals C) International researchers D) Agricultural scientists Answer: B) Tribals Explanation: The passage mentions that tribals possess a lot of indigenous agricultural know-how due to centuries of accumulated experiences. 4. What is the potential consequence of neglecting traditional agricultural practices? A) Increased agricultural productivity B) Environmental degradation C) Decreased reliance on chemicals D) Preservation of soil and water resources Answer: B) Environmental degradation Explanation: Neglecting traditional practices can lead to environmental degradation, as mentioned in the passage. 5. According to the passage, how long has traditional farming been practiced in India? A) Since the Industrial Revolution B) Since the Vedic age (3700 BC) C) Since the Renaissance D) Since the 19th century Answer: B) Since the Vedic age (3700 BC) Explanation: The passage states that traditional farming has been practiced in India since the Vedic age. 6. What is the main challenge mentioned in the passage regarding the preservation of traditional agricultural knowledge? A) Lack of technological advancements B) Limited availability of resources C) Lack of appreciation and understanding D) Government regulations Answer: C) Lack of appreciation and understanding Explanation: The passage mentions that many beneficial practices have been lost due to lack of appreciation, highlighting this as a challenge. 7. What is proposed as a necessary step to ensure wider adoption of indigenous farming practices? A) Increased government regulations B) Promotion of urban farming C) Scientific validation and promotion D) Abandonment of modern technology Answer: C) Scientific validation and promotion Explanation: The passage suggests that traditional practices need to be scientifically validated for wider adoption. 8. What is the primary emphasis of the passage regarding the integration of modern and traditional agricultural practices? A) Economic profitability B) Environmental sustainability C) Technological advancement D) Social equality Answer: B) Environmental sustainability Explanation: The passage emphasizes blending modern and traditional knowledge to achieve environmentally sound and sustainable agricultural practices. 9. What is identified as the fundamental issue for sustainable development in agriculture? A) Increased use of chemicals B) Dependency on machinery C) Environmental degradation D) Lack of government support Answer: C) Environmental degradation Explanation: The passage highlights environmental degradation as a fundamental issue for sustainable development in agriculture. 10. Which term best describes the approach advocated in the passage for addressing agricultural challenges? A) Isolationism B) Innovation C) Conservation D) Industrialization Answer: B) Innovation Explanation: The passage advocates for blending modern and traditional knowledge to innovate sustainable agricultural practices. Here are 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the provided text about traditional crop protection methods, along with answers and explanations: 11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a traditional method of crop protection in the passage? A) Soaking maize seeds in cow urine B) Treating rice seedlings with neem kernel extract C) Spraying cow dung solution on paddy fields D) Using chemical pesticides for pest control **Answer:** D) Using chemical pesticides for pest control **Explanation:** The passage discusses traditional, eco-friendly methods such as soaking seeds in cow urine, using neem kernel extract, and spraying natural solutions like cow urine and asafoetida, but does not mention the use of chemical pesticides. 12. What is the purpose of soaking maize seeds in cow urine, according to farmers? A) To improve germination rate B) To enhance resistance against insect pests C) To increase crop yield D) To prevent fungal diseases **Answer:** B) To enhance resistance against insect pests **Explanation:** The passage states that soaking maize seeds in cow urine is believed to increase resistance against insect pests. 13. Which method is recommended for controlling paddy blast and bacterial blight in paddy fields? A) Spraying neem oil solution B) Treating seeds with cow dung extract C) Soaking seeds in water mixed with asafoetida D) Spraying a solution of cow dung and water **Answer:** D) Spraying a solution of cow dung and water **Explanation:** The passage mentions that spraying a solution of cow dung prepared by mixing it with water was observed to control paddy blast and bacterial blight in paddy fields. 14. How do farmers address insect holes made by shoot borers and bark eaters in mango trees? A) Pouring kerosene in the holes B) Blocking holes with cow dung C) Placing jaggery in the holes D) All of the above **Answer:** D) All of the above **Explanation:** The passage mentions multiple methods including placing jaggery, pouring kerosene, and blocking holes with cow dung to address insect holes in mango trees. 15. What is the purpose of mixing common salt with soil near the collar region of mango trees? A) To improve soil fertility B) To repel insects C) To enhance tree growth D) To prevent infestation of shoot borers **Answer:** D) To prevent infestation of shoot borers **Explanation:** The passage states that mixing common salt with soil near the collar region of mango trees is for the prevention of infestation of shoot borers. 16. Which traditional method is

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    MCQ on gardening in ancient and medieval period – arbori horticulture

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , , ,

    Gardening in ancient and medieval period – arbori horticulture MCQ for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. Which civilization revered trees and worshipped them during the Chalcolithic period? – A) Mesopotamian Civilization – B) Egyptian Civilization – C) Indus Valley Civilization – D) Greek Civilization **Answer: C) Indus Valley Civilization** Explanation: The passage mentions that during the chalcolithic period, the people of the Indus Valley Civilization had great reverence for trees and worshipped them. 2. Which tree was considered sacred by the ancient people of the Indus Valley? – A) Mango – B) Neem – C) Oak – D) Pine **Answer: B) Neem** Explanation: The passage specifically mentions neem (Azadirachta indica) as one of the sacred trees held in reverence by the ancient people of the Indus Valley. 3. What is the term used to describe the belief that trees were symbolic of gods and goddesses in the Indus Valley Civilization? – A) Arboreal Worship – B) Vriksha Devata – C) Botanic Devotion – D) Tree Deification **Answer: B) Vriksha Devata** Explanation: The passage mentions the belief in vriksha devata or vriksha devi, which refers to the gods and goddesses believed to dwell within trees in the Indus Valley Civilization. 4. According to the passage, what were trees considered to be in ancient India? – A) Merely Natural Elements – B) Divine and Spiritual Entities – C) Economic Resources Only – D) Obstacles to Human Progress **Answer: B) Divine and Spiritual Entities** Explanation: The passage states that in ancient India, trees were considered divine and spiritual, symbolizing various aspects such as tree knowledge, the tree of life, and medicinal properties. 5. What literary texts mentioned the Cosmic Tree rooted in the Brahman during the Mauryan period? – A) Vedas and Upanishads – B) Greek Epics – C) Chinese Classics – D) Persian Poetry **Answer: A) Vedas and Upanishads** Explanation: The passage states that texts like Vedas and Upanishads from the Mauryan period described the Cosmic Tree rooted in the Brahman. 6. Which period saw vast secular literature and texts discussing various aspects of trees and nature? – A) Gupta Period – B) Mauryan Period – C) Vedic Period – D) Kushan Period **Answer: B) Mauryan Period** Explanation: The passage mentions that after the rise of the Mauryas in the 4th to 3rd century BC, there was vast secular literature and texts discussing trees and nature. 7. What were the branches of the Cosmic Tree described in the Upanishads? – A) Wood, Leaves, and Fruits – B) Space, Wind, Fire, Water, and Earth – C) Love, Hope, and Faith – D) Sun, Moon, and Stars **Answer: B) Space, Wind, Fire, Water, and Earth** Explanation: According to the passage, the Upanishads describe the branches of the Cosmic Tree as space, wind, fire, water, and earth. 8. Which tree was personified as human attributes in the archaeological evidences of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa? – A) Mango – B) Pipal (Ficus religiosa) – C) Olive – D) Willow **Answer: B) Pipal (Ficus religiosa)** Explanation: The passage mentions that in archaeological evidences of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, certain trees like pipal were personified with human attributes. 9. What did trees symbolize in the Indus Valley Civilization? – A) Material Wealth – B) Environmental Balance – C) Gods and Goddesses – D) Agricultural Productivity **Answer: C) Gods and Goddesses** Explanation: The passage indicates that in the Indus Valley Civilization, trees were believed to symbolize gods and goddesses, with divine entities dwelling within them. 10. Which period marked the belief in trees as the tree of life and medicinal resources? – A) Gupta Period – B) Vedic Period – C) Mauryan Period – D) Harappan Period **Answer: B) Vedic Period** Explanation: The passage suggests that in ancient India, particularly during the Vedic period, trees were believed to symbolize the tree of life and were also seen as medicinal resources. 11. Which tree is identified with Shiva in Brahmanical religion? – A) Ashoka (Saraca asoca) – B) Asvattha (Ficus religiosa) – C) Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) – D) Bilva (Aegle marmelos) **Answer: B) Asvattha (Ficus religiosa)** Explanation: According to the passage, in Brahmanical religion, the tree identified with Shiva is asvattha (Ficus religiosa). 12. Which of the following trees is associated with Lord Buddha’s birth and attainment of nirvana? – A) Ashoka (Saraca asoca) – B) Pipal (Ficus religiosa) – C) Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) – D) Amla (Emblica officinalis) **Answer: B) Pipal (Ficus religiosa)** Explanation: The passage mentions that Lord Buddha was born under the pipal tree and attained nirvana under the bodhi tree, which is also a type of pipal tree. 13. What kind of tree is the bodhi tree, sacred to Buddhists? – A) Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) – B) Ashoka (Saraca asoca) – C) Pipal (Ficus religiosa) – D) Amla (Emblica officinalis) **Answer: C) Pipal (Ficus religiosa)** Explanation: The passage indicates that the bodhi tree, under which the Buddha attained nirvana, is sacred to Buddhists, and it is a type of pipal tree. 14. Which of the following literary works describes the layout of gardens and parks in the city of Indraprastha? – A) Vedas – B) Ramayana – C) Mahabharata – D) Jatakas **Answer: C) Mahabharata** Explanation: The passage mentions that the layout of gardens and parks in the city of Indraprastha is described in the Sabha-Parva of the Mahabharata. 15. Which tree is predominant in the Ashokavana or Panchavati garden where Sita was held captive in the Ramayana? – A) Bilva (Aegle marmelos) – B) Amla (Emblica officinalis) – C) Ashoka (Saraca asoca) – D) Asvattha (Ficus religiosa) **Answer: C) Ashoka (Saraca asoca)** Explanation: The passage mentions that Ashoka trees were predominant in the Ashokavana or Panchavati garden where Sita was held captive in the Ramayana. 16. According to the passage, which literary work mentions Kalpavrksa and kalpalata? – A) Vedas – B) Ramayana – C) Mahabharata – D) Jatakas **Answer: B) Ramayana** Explanation: The passage states that Kalpavrksa and kalpalata are mentioned in the

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    MCQ on Astronomy

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , , , , , , ,

    MCQ on Astronomy for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. What is the comparison made between ancient Indian and modern methods of weather forecasting? a) Modern methods are more accurate. b) Ancient methods are more accurate. c) Both methods are equally accurate. d) There is no comparison between the two methods. – **Answer: b) Ancient methods are more accurate.** – Explanation: The text suggests that even today, village astrologers in India have a surprisingly high percentage of correct weather predictions, indicating the effectiveness of ancient Indigenous methods. 2. What is stated about the origin of modern scientific knowledge of weather forecasting? a) It originated in India. b) It originated in the West. c) It originated recently. d) It has been around since ancient times. – **Answer: c) It originated recently.** – Explanation: The text mentions that modern scientific knowledge of weather forecasting originated recently. 3. How is meteorology viewed in India compared to the West? a) It is viewed as an ancient science in India but new in the West. b) It is viewed as a new science in India but ancient in the West. c) It is viewed as ancient in both India and the West. d) It is viewed as new in both India and the West. – **Answer: a) It is viewed as an ancient science in India but new in the West.** – Explanation: Meteorology is considered ancient in India but new in the West, according to the text. 4. What are the two categories into which ancient/Indigenous methods of weather forecast are broadly classified? a) Northern and southern methods b) Observational method and theoretical methods c) Solar and lunar methods d) Eastern and western methods – **Answer: b) Observational method and theoretical methods** – Explanation: The ancient/Indigenous methods of weather forecasting are broadly classified into observational method and theoretical methods. 5. What is involved in the observational method of weather forecast? a) Computation of planetary positions b) Study of solar ingress c) Observing indicators d) Conjunctions of stars and planets – **Answer: c) Observing indicators** – Explanation: The observational method involves observing indicators for weather prediction. 6. What is involved in the theoretical methods of weather forecast? a) Observing indicators b) Computation of planetary positions c) Study of solar ingress d) Conjunctions of stars and planets – **Answer: b) Computation of planetary positions** – Explanation: The theoretical methods involve computation of planetary positions and conjunctions of stars and planets. 7. What is mentioned as not required for ancient/indigenous methods of weather forecast? a) Observational data b) Experience c) Costly apparatus d) Technological advancements – **Answer: c) Costly apparatus** – Explanation: Ancient/Indigenous methods of weather forecasting do not require costly apparatus, according to the text. 8. Who are often mentioned as being surprisingly accurate in weather predictions even today? a) Farmers b) Scientists c) Meteorologists d) Village astrologers (pandits) – **Answer: d) Village astrologers (pandits)** – Explanation: Village astrologers (pandits) are often mentioned as being surprisingly accurate in weather predictions even today. 9. What is stated about the rules of meteorology according to the text? a) They are complex and difficult to understand. b) They are simple and easy to understand. c) They are similar to modern scientific methods. d) They are based on Western principles. – **Answer: b) They are simple and easy to understand.** – Explanation: The text mentions that the rules of meteorology are simple and easy to understand. 10. What is emphasized as enhancing the development of meteorology? a) Technological advancements b) Observations coupled with experience over centuries c) Government funding d) Foreign collaboration – **Answer: b) Observations coupled with experience over centuries** – Explanation: Observations coupled with experience over centuries are emphasized as enhancing the development of meteorology. 11. What does the term “Panchang” refer to in Indian astronomy and astrology? a) Five astrological signs b) Five celestial bodies c) Five body parts/limbs d) Five planetary movements **Answer: c) Five body parts/limbs** Explanation: The term “Panchang” originates from the Sanskrit words ‘panch’ meaning ‘five’ and ‘ang’ meaning ‘body part/limb’, referring to the five elements of the calendar. 12. How many tithes are there in a lunar month? a) 28 b) 29 c) 30 d) 31 **Answer: c) 30** Explanation: There are a total of thirty tithis in a lunar month, with fifteen in each fortnight. 13. Which day of the week is known as “Ravivara”? a) Sunday b) Monday c) Tuesday d) Wednesday **Answer: a) Sunday** Explanation: “Ravivara” corresponds to Sunday in the Hindu calendar. 14. What is the significance of “Panchang” for astrologers? a) It provides weather predictions b) It guides farming activities c) It is used for casting horoscopes and making predictions d) It records astronomical phenomena **Answer: c) It is used for casting horoscopes and making predictions** Explanation: “Panchang” serves as a fundamental reference for astrologers to calculate and predict various astrological events. 15. How many “varas” (weekdays) are there in the Hindu calendar? a) Five b) Six c) Seven d) Eight **Answer: c) Seven** Explanation: The Hindu calendar consists of seven “varas” or weekdays. 16. Which of the following is NOT one of the “varas” in the Hindu calendar? a) Mangalavara b) Budhavara c) Suryavara d) Shanivara **Answer: c) Suryavara** Explanation: “Suryavara” is not one of the weekday names in the Hindu calendar. 17. How is “Panchang” used as an astrological guide for farmers? a) It provides agricultural techniques b) It suggests seasonal activities c) It predicts rainfall patterns d) It advises on favorable times for farming activities **Answer: d) It advises on favorable times for farming activities** Explanation: Farmers consult the “Panchang” for auspicious timings to commence farming activities based on astrological considerations. 18. What is the primary purpose of a classical Hindu almanac? a) To record historical events b) To predict natural disasters c) To provide calendrical information and astrological guidance d) To publish religious scriptures **Answer: c) To provide calendrical information and astrological guidance** Explanation: Classical Hindu almanacs, known as “Panchangs,” serve

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    MCQ on kautilya’s artha-sastra, agriculture, animal husbandry, commodity trade, etc.

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , , , ,

    MCQ on kautilya’s artha-sastra, agriculture, animal husbandry, commodity trade, etc. for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. During Kautilya’s time, which term encompassed agriculture, cattle breeding, and trade? a) Arthashastra b) Varta c) Sitadhakashya d) Chanakya **Answer: b) Varta** **Explanation:** During Kautilya’s time, agriculture, cattle breeding, and trade were grouped into a science called Varta. 2. According to Kautilya, who should be appointed as the superintendent of agriculture? a) A civil servant b) A person with no expertise c) A knowledgeable person in agriculture and horticulture d) A person recommended by the king **Answer: c) A knowledgeable person in agriculture and horticulture** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested that the superintendent of agriculture should be a person knowledgeable in agriculture and horticulture. 3. What was the punishment for any delay in making arrangements for rainfed crop sowing, as per Kautilya’s Artha-sastra? a) Fine b) Exile c) Punitive action d) Imprisonment **Answer: c) Punitive action** **Explanation:** Kautilya emphasized the importance of timely arrangements for rainfed crop sowing and prescribed punitive action for any delay. 4. How was rainfall measured during Kautilya’s time? a) Using modern rain gauges b) Circular vessel called adhaka c) By observing natural signs d) Not measured **Answer: b) Circular vessel called adhaka** **Explanation:** Rainfall was measured during Kautilya’s time using a circular vessel called adhaka, with specific units to measure rainfall. 5. According to Kautilya, what is the significance of the even distribution of rainfall during the crop growing season? a) It reduces the need for irrigation b) It improves soil fertility c) It enhances crop yield d) It prevents soil erosion **Answer: c) It enhances crop yield** **Explanation:** Kautilya stressed the importance of even distribution of rainfall during the crop growing season as it enhances crop yield. 6. Which crop did Kautilya suggest should be sown early in the season? a) Wheat b) Barley c) Rice d) Sugarcane **Answer: c) Rice** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested that rice should be sown early in the season for optimal growth and yield. 7. According to Kautilya, which crop requires the most attention and expenditure? a) Rice b) Millets c) Pulses d) Sugarcane **Answer: d) Sugarcane** **Explanation:** Kautilya stated that sugarcane requires the most attention and expenditure among crops. 8. Where did Kautilya suggest crops like cucurbits are well suited to be grown? a) Drylands b) Desert areas c) Banks of rivers d) Mountain slopes **Answer: c) Banks of rivers** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested that crops like cucurbits are well suited to be grown on the banks of rivers due to the availability of moisture. 9. Which biocontrol practice suggested by Kautilya involves exposing seeds to mist and heat for seven nights? a) Seed treatment b) Pest control c) Disease management d) Weed control **Answer: a) Seed treatment** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested exposing seeds to mist and heat for seven nights as a biocontrol practice, which is similar to modern seed treatment methods. 10. According to Kautilya, what should be done with harvested produce? a) Left in the field b) Sold immediately c) Properly processed and safely stored d) Fed to livestock **Answer: c) Properly processed and safely stored** **Explanation:** Kautilya advised that harvested produce should be properly processed and safely stored to prevent spoilage or loss. 11. What term did Kautilya use to describe the head of agriculture in his Artha-sastra? a) Sthitiadhikari b) Sitadhakashya c) Krayadhikari d) Vartadhikari **Answer: b) Sitadhakashya** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested the appointment of a separate post for the head of agriculture, named Sitadhakashya. 12. What did Kautilya emphasize regarding the distribution of rainfall during the crop growing season? a) Majority of rainfall in the beginning of the season b) Uniform distribution throughout the season c) Majority of rainfall in the middle of the season d) Majority of rainfall at the end of the season **Answer: b) Uniform distribution throughout the season** **Explanation:** Kautilya stressed the importance of uniform distribution of rainfall throughout the crop growing season. 13. According to Kautilya’s Artha-sastra, what is the ideal condition for rainfed crop cultivation? a) High rainfall throughout the year b) Intermittent rainfall with dry spells c) Heavy rainfall during sowing season d) Moderate rainfall with even distribution **Answer: d) Moderate rainfall with even distribution** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested that rainfed crop cultivation thrives under moderate rainfall conditions with even distribution. 14. What was the role of the village council in Kautilya’s economic policies? a) Decision-making authority for agriculture b) Regulation of trade and commerce c) Allocation of land for cultivation d) Monitoring agricultural productivity **Answer: b) Regulation of trade and commerce** **Explanation:** Kautilya’s economic policies involved the village council in regulating trade and commerce. 15. How did Kautilya suggest farmers should be compensated for their produce? a) With monetary payment b) With land grants c) With goods or services d) With tax exemptions **Answer: c) With goods or services** **Explanation:** Kautilya suggested that farmers should be compensated for their produce with goods or services, as mentioned in his Artha-sastra. 16. Which biocontrol practice suggested by Kautilya involves plastering cut ends of sugarcane with a mixture? a) Companion planting b) Crop rotation c) Integrated pest management d) Application of biopesticides **Answer: d) Application of biopesticides** **Explanation:** Kautilya recommended plastering cut ends of sugarcane with a mixture containing honey, ghee, and cow dung as a biocontrol practice. 17. According to Kautilya, what was the main source of irrigation for agriculture? a) Rainwater harvesting b) River diversion c) Well water d) Canal systems **Answer: c) Well water** **Explanation:** Kautilya mentioned the use of wells for irrigation, indicating that well water was the main source of irrigation for agriculture during his time. 18. What did Kautilya prescribe regarding the handling of above-ground crop residues? a) Leave them in the field for soil enrichment b) Burn them to clear the fields c) Use them as animal fodder d) Remove them from the fields **Answer: d) Remove them from the fields** **Explanation:** Kautilya advised removing above-ground crop residues from the fields and feeding them to cattle. 19. How

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    MCQ on the Status of farmers in the society during the Indus, Vedic, Buddhist, Mauryan, Gupta, and Sangam periods

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , , , , ,

    MCQ on the Status of Farmers in Society during Historical Periods This comprehensive set of Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) delves into the status and role of farmers in society across different historical periods, including the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Era, Buddhist Period, Mauryan Dynasty, Gupta Empire, and Sangam Age. The questions are meticulously crafted to cover various aspects such as the agricultural practices, economic importance, societal position, and contributions of farmers during these times. Ideal for aspirants preparing for competitive exams like ICAR-JRF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, as well as B.Sc and M.Sc students, this collection aims to provide a deep understanding of the evolution of agrarian society in ancient India. Each question is designed to test and enhance your knowledge, with a focus on historical insights that are crucial for excelling in agriculture-related exams. 1. During which period did the Indus Civilization emerge as the first farming culture in South Asia? a) Vedic period b) Mauryan period c) Harappan period d) Gupta period **Answer: c) Harappan period** Explanation: The Indus Civilization emerged as the first farming culture in South Asia during the Harappan period, as described in the passage. 2. What was the primary occupation of the people during the Vedic period? a) Trading b) Hunting and gathering c) Agriculture d) Crafts and pottery **Answer: c) Agriculture** Explanation: Agriculture was the primary occupation during the Vedic period, with farmers cultivating crops based on the advice of saints, as mentioned in the passage. 3. What characterized the economic system during the Buddhist period? a) Feudalism with powerful landlords b) Agricultural self-sufficiency in villages c) Industrialization and urbanization d) Nomadic lifestyle and herding **Answer: b) Agricultural self-sufficiency in villages** Explanation: The economic system during the Buddhist period was characterized by agricultural self sufficiency in villages, with no landlords and villagers undertaking tasks collectively, as stated in the passage. 4. Which term was used for the head of a rich land-owning family during the Mauryan period? a) Gaha pathi b) Vaishnava c) Krishihala d) Vellar **Answer: a) Gaha pathi** Explanation: During the Mauryan period, the head of a rich land-owning family was called “Gaha pathi,” as mentioned in the passage. 5. What was the social status of cultivators during the Gupta period? a) High social and economic status b) Equal status with landowners c) Low social and economic status d) Nomadic lifestyle **Answer: c) Low social and economic status** Explanation: Cultivators during the Gupta period had low social and economic status, as indicated by the various terms used to describe them, such as Krishihala or Kinars, as mentioned in the passage. 6. In which period was agriculture the main occupation, leading to a high status for farmers in society? a) Vedic period b) Buddhist period c) Mauryan period d) Sangam period **Answer: d) Sangam period** Explanation: Agriculture was the main occupation during the Sangam period, leading to a high status for farmers in society, as described in the passage. 7. What term was used for farmers during the Sangam period? a) Vaishnava b) Krishihala c) Uzhavar d) Gaha pathi **Answer: c) Uzhavar** Explanation: Farmers during the Sangam period were called “Uzhavar” or “plough man,” as mentioned in the passage. 8. According to Thiruvalluvar, what is the significance of farmers in society? a) They are worshipped as gods. b) They live an independent life. c) They have no importance compared to others. d) They are dependent on others for survival. **Answer: b) They live an independent life.** Explanation: Thiruvalluvar emphasized the importance of farmers by stating that they alone live an independent life, as mentioned in the passage. 9. Which period saw the emergence of urban centers from the Early Harappan communities? a) Vedic period b) Mauryan period c) Harappan period d) Gupta period **Answer: c) Harappan period** Explanation: Urban centers emerged from the Early Harappan communities during the Harappan period, as stated in the passage. 10. What role did irrigation play in transforming the region during the Late Harappan period? a) It led to the decline of agriculture. b) It had no significant impact on the region. c) It facilitated the growth of urban centers. d) It caused environmental degradation. **Answer: c) It facilitated the growth of urban centers.** Explanation: Irrigation played a crucial role in transforming the region during the Late Harappan period by facilitating the growth of urban centers, as mentioned in the passage. 11. What was the primary occupation during the Harappan period? a) Trading b) Farming c) Fishing d) Hunting **Answer: b) Farming** Explanation: The Harappan period saw the emergence of farming communities, with agriculture being the primary occupation during this time, as mentioned in the passage. 12. During which Vedic period did farmers occupy a prominent position in society? a) Rig Vedic period b) Sama Vedic period c) Yajur Vedic period d) Atharvana Vedic period **Answer: d) Atharvana Vedic period** Explanation: Farmers occupied a more significant position in society during the Atharvana Vedic period, as mentioned in the passage. 13. What was the economic status of farmers during the Mauryan period? a) They were wealthy landowners b) They were impoverished c) They were state officials d) They were traders **Answer: b) They were impoverished** Explanation: During the Mauryan period, the majority of the population were agriculturists, but the economic status of farmers was low, as mentioned in the passage. 14. What was the primary occupation during the Sangam period? a) Trading b) Fishing c) Agriculture d) Mining **Answer: c) Agriculture** Explanation: Agriculture was the main occupation during the Sangam period, and farmers held a high position in society during this time, as stated in the passage. 15. What term was used to refer to farmers during the Sangam period? a) Vaishnavas b) Krishihala c) Uzhavar d) Gaha pathi **Answer: c) Uzhavar** Explanation: Farmers during the Sangam period were referred to as “Uzhavar” or “plough man,” as mentioned in the passage. 16. According to Thiruvalluvar, what role did farmers play in society? a) They were worshipped as deities b) They were revered as

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    MCQ On Indus Civilization (3250 BC-2750 BC)

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged

    MCQ On Indus Civilization (3250 BC-2750 BC) for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. What is another name for the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Mohenjodara culture b) Ravi civilization c) Harappan culture d) Sind civilization **Answer: c) Harappan culture** Explanation: The Indus Valley Civilization is also known as the Harappan culture, as mentioned in the passage. 2. Where were the excavations conducted that led to the discovery of the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Rajasthan b) Gujarat c) Punjab and Sind d) Delhi **Answer: c) Punjab and Sind** Explanation: Excavations were carried out in Punjab (at Harappa) and Sind (at Mohenjodara) in Pakistan, as mentioned in the passage. 3. What agricultural practice did the people of the Indus Valley Civilization identify as important? a) Irrigation techniques b) Crop rotation c) Ploughing d) Seed selection **Answer: c) Ploughing** Explanation: During the Indus Valley Civilization, people identified the importance of ploughing for the proper sowing of crops, as stated in the passage. 4. What method of transport was commonly used during the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Ship b) Ox-drawn wheel cart c) Horse-drawn carriage d) Camel caravan **Answer: b) Ox-drawn wheel cart** Explanation: Ox-drawn wheel carts were commonly used for transport during the Indus Valley Civilization, according to the passage. 5. What crops were cultivated by the people of the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Rice and sugarcane b) Wheat, barley, and cotton c) Maize and potatoes d) Millets and lentils **Answer: b) Wheat, barley, and cotton** Explanation: The people of the Indus Valley Civilization cultivated wheat, barley, gram, peas, sesame, and rape, as well as cotton, as mentioned in the passage. 6. What animals were domesticated by the people of the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Buffalo, camel, and elephant b) Horse, cow, and dog c) Elephant, ass, and birds d) Buffalo, cattle, and camel **Answer: d) Buffalo, cattle, and camel** Explanation: The people of the Indus Valley Civilization domesticated buffalo, cattle, camel, horse, elephant, ass, and birds, as stated in the passage. 7. What was the purpose of the Great Granary discovered in Harappa? a) Religious ceremonies b) Storage of food grain c) Residence for rulers d) Administrative center **Answer: b) Storage of food grain** Explanation: The Great Granary discovered in Harappa was used for storing food grain, as mentioned in the passage. 8. How were wages paid to artisans and laborers during the Indus Valley Civilization? a) In coins b) In kind (food grain) c) In gold and silver d) In labor vouchers **Answer: b) In kind (food grain)** Explanation: Artisans, carpenters, and others received their wages in kind from the farmers, according to the passage. 9. What can be inferred about the economic system of the Indus Valley Civilization based on the description of the Great Granary? a) It was a centrally planned economy b) It relied heavily on barter c) It had a sophisticated system of storage and distribution d) It was primarily a subsistence economy **Answer: c) It had a sophisticated system of storage and distribution** Explanation: The description of the Great Granary suggests a sophisticated system of storage and distribution, indicating an advanced economic system. 10. Which rivers were significant in the geographical location of the Indus Valley Civilization? a) Ganges and Yamuna b) Indus and Ravi c) Tigris and Euphrates d) Nile and Niger **Answer: b) Indus and Ravi** Explanation: The cities of the Indus Valley Civilization were built along the river Indus and the river Ravi, as mentioned in the passage. 11. What is the meaning of the word “Veda”? a) Land of seven rivers b) Pastoralism c) Knowledge d) Rig-veda **Answer: c) Knowledge** Explanation: The word “Veda” is derived from “Vid,” which means “Knowledge.” 12. Which book is considered the oldest among the Aryans? a) Rig-veda b) Mahabharata c) Ramayana d) Atharvaveda **Answer: a) Rig-veda** Explanation: The Rig-veda is considered the oldest book among the Aryans. 13. What was the main occupation of the Vedic Aryans? a) Agriculture b) Trading c) Pastoralism d) Hunting **Answer: c) Pastoralism** Explanation: The Vedic Aryans were primarily pastoral. 14. Which rivers were included in the “land of seven rivers”? a) Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna b) Ganga, Godavari, Kaveri c) Satlaj, Beas, Ravi, Chennab, Jhelum, Indus, Saraswathi d) Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi **Answer: c) Satlaj, Beas, Ravi, Chennab, Jhelum, Indus, Saraswathi** Explanation: The land of seven rivers included Satlaj, Beas, Ravi, Chennab, Jhelum, Indus, and Saraswathi. 15. What were the main crops cultivated during the later Vedic period? a) Rice and cotton b) Barley, sesame, and sugarcane c) Wheat and lentils d) Millet and sorghum **Answer: b) Barley, sesame, and sugarcane** Explanation: During the later Vedic period, the main crops cultivated were barley, sesame, and sugarcane. 16. Which agricultural implement is mentioned in Vedic literature? a) Tractor b) Plough c) Harvester d) Seeder **Answer: b) Plough** Explanation: The plough (langala) is mentioned as an agricultural implement in Vedic literature. 17. What ritual marked the beginning of the ploughing season in Vedic agriculture? a) Offering sacrifices b) Planting trees c) Inaugurating the first ploughing with rituals d) Praying to rain gods **Answer: c) Inaugurating the first ploughing with rituals** Explanation: In Vedic agriculture, the first ploughing of the season was inaugurated amidst much ritual. 18. What was used for irrigation in Vedic agriculture? a) Canals from rivers b) Sprinklers c) Modern irrigation pumps d) Rainwater harvesting **Answer: a) Canals from rivers** Explanation: Channels were dug from rivers for irrigation in Vedic agriculture. 19. What were kucha wells used for? a) Washing clothes b) Drinking water and irrigation c) Bathing d) Cooking **Answer: b) Drinking water and irrigation** Explanation: Kucha wells were used for drinking water and irrigation in Vedic agriculture. 20. Which crops were not mentioned in the early Vedic period but cultivated during the Harappa period? a) Wheat and barley b) Rice and cotton c) Millet and sorghum d) Sugarcane and sesame **Answer: b) Rice and cotton** Explanation: Rice and cotton were cultivated during the Harappa period but not mentioned

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    MCQ On Development Of Human Culture & Binging Agriculture

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged

    MCQ On Development Of Human Culture & Binging Agriculture for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. According to the passage, which species is considered the immediate precursor to modern humans? a) Homo sapiens b) Homo erectus c) Cro-Magnon d) Java man **Answer: b) Homo erectus** Explanation: The passage mentions that Homo erectus, also known as Java man, is considered the immediate precursor to modern humans. 2. What was the first domesticated animal mentioned in the passage? a) Cow b) Sheep c) Dog d) Goat **Answer: c) Dog** Explanation: The passage states that the first pet animal domesticated by early humans was the dog, which was initially used for hunting. 3. How did the development of agriculture influence the formation of human societies? a) It led to the extinction of primitive man. b) It enabled primitive man to settle down in selected areas and form societies. c) It had no impact on human social organization. d) It caused regression in human cultural development. **Answer: b) It enabled primitive man to settle down in selected areas and form societies.** Explanation: The passage suggests that the development of agriculture allowed primitive humans to settle down in specific areas, leading to the formation of societies and the initiation of civilization. 4. Which period is characterized by food gathering and hunting in human history? a) Neolithic Age b) Mesolithic Age c) Paleolithic Age d) Iron Age **Answer: c) Paleolithic Age** Explanation: The Paleolithic Age, also known as the Old Stone Age, is characterized by food gathering and hunting by early humans. 5. What were the main tools used by humans during the Paleolithic Age? a) Metal tools b) Stone tools and crude choppers c) Wooden tools d) Bone tools **Answer: b) Stone tools and crude choppers** Explanation: During the Paleolithic Age, early humans mainly used stone tools and crude choppers, as mentioned in the passage. 6. What do scholars classify as the stages of human cultural development, according to the passage? a) Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age b) Stone Age, Copper Age, and Bronze Age c) Paleolithic Age, Neolithic Age, and Mesolithic Age d) Early Age, Middle Age, and Modern Age **Answer: c) Paleolithic Age, Neolithic Age, and Mesolithic Age** Explanation: Scholars classify the stages of human cultural development into the Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age), Neolithic Age (New Stone Age), and Mesolithic Age (Middle Stone Age), as mentioned in the passage. 7. What marked the beginning of agriculture according to the passage? a) The domestication of cows and goats b) The development of stone tools c) The shift from food gathering to food cultivation d) The extinction of Homo erectus **Answer: c) The shift from food gathering to food cultivation** Explanation: The passage indicates that the beginning of agriculture occurred when early humans shifted from food gathering to food cultivation, starting to grow food crops and domesticating animals. 8. What is the meaning of “Homo sapiens”? a) Homo – Continuous, Sapiens – learning habit b) Homo – Intelligent, Sapiens – gathering habit c) Homo – Ancient, Sapiens – hunter-gatherer d) Homo – Modern, Sapiens – agriculturalist **Answer: a) Homo – Continuous, Sapiens – learning habit** Explanation: “Homo sapiens” means “Continuous” (Homo) and “learning habit” (Sapiens), as mentioned in the passage. 9. Which animal was not mentioned as one of the domesticated animals during the early stages of human civilization? a) Cow b) Goat c) Sheep d) Lion **Answer: d) Lion** Explanation: Lions were not mentioned as one of the domesticated animals during the early stages of human civilization in the passage. 10. What are the distinct improvements mentioned in the passage that occurred during each of the three stone ages? a) Development of metal tools b) Domestication of animals c) Fashioning and improving tools, growing food crops, and domesticating animals d) Introduction of pottery-making techniques **Answer: c) Fashioning and improving tools, growing food crops, and domesticating animals** Explanation: The passage states that each of the three stone ages saw distinct improvements, including fashioning and improving tools, growing food crops, and domesticating animals. 11. What is a characteristic feature of the Mesolithic Age? a) Use of polished stone axes b) Invention of the plough c) Cultivation of millets and pulses d) Domestication of the dog **Answer: d) Domestication of the dog** Explanation: The major achievement of the Mesolithic Age was the domestication of the dog, as mentioned in the passage. 12. What major change did the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution bring? a) Invention of textile and basketry b) Shift from hunting and gathering to settled villages and agriculture c) Discovery of silk d) Use of polished stone axes **Answer: b) Shift from hunting and gathering to settled villages and agriculture** Explanation: The Neolithic Agricultural Revolution brought a major change by shifting humans from a precarious existence of hunting and gathering to settled villages and agriculture, giving them control over their environment. 13. What was the main purpose of using polished stone axes in the Neolithic culture? a) For hunting animals b) For storing food grains c) For cultivating crops d) For cleaning bushes **Answer: d) For cleaning bushes** Explanation: Polished stone axes were used for cleaning bushes in the Neolithic culture, as mentioned in the passage. 14. Which of the following crops were cultivated in the eastern parts of India during the Neolithic period? a) Millets and pulses b) Rice, banana, and yams c) Wheat and barley d) Maize and potatoes **Answer: b) Rice, banana, and yams** Explanation: The cultivation of rice, banana, and yams took place in the eastern parts of India during the Neolithic period, according to the passage. 15. What technological advancement marked the Chalcolithic culture? a) Invention of pottery b) Invention of the plough c) Use of stone implements along with copper and bronze d) Discovery of silk **Answer: c) Use of stone implements along with copper and bronze** Explanation: The Chalcolithic culture was characterized by the use of stone implements along with copper and bronze, as mentioned

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    MCQ on Agriculture Heritage In India

    By ExamupsPosted on Posted in Introductory Agriculture MCQ, MCQ'sTagged , , ,

    MCQ on Agriculture Heritage In India for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams. 1. What does GIAHS stand for in the context of agricultural heritage? a) Global Initiative for Agricultural Health and Sustainability b) Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems c) Green Initiatives for Agricultural and Horticultural Sustainability d) Global Interactions for Agricultural Heritage Sustainability **Answer: b) Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems** Explanation: GIAHS refers to Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems, as defined by the FAO. 2. How are GIAHS described by the FAO? a) Advanced technological agricultural systems b) Landscapes rich in biodiversity without human intervention c) Remarkable land use systems rich in biodiversity evolved through community adaptation d) Modern industrial agricultural complexes **Answer: c) Remarkable land use systems rich in biodiversity evolved through community adaptation** Explanation: GIAHS are described as remarkable land use systems evolved through community adaptation and rich in biodiversity. 3. What is the primary characteristic of agricultural heritage systems? a) They are modern and industrialized. b) They are primarily managed by large corporations. c) They reflect generations of local adaptation and management. d) They are solely focused on maximizing profit. **Answer: c) They reflect generations of local adaptation and management.** Explanation: Agricultural heritage systems reflect generations of local adaptation and management practices. 4. Approximately how much land worldwide is covered by agricultural heritage systems? a) 1 million hectares b) 3 million hectares c) 5 million hectares d) 10 million hectares **Answer: c) 5 million hectares** Explanation: Agricultural heritage systems cover approximately 5 million hectares of land worldwide. 5. What services do GIAHS provide to humankind? a) Cultural and economic services only b) Ecological services only c) Social, cultural, ecological, and economic services d) Economic and agricultural services only **Answer: c) Social, cultural, ecological, and economic services** Explanation: GIAHS provide a combination of social, cultural, ecological, and economic services to humankind. 6. What role do agricultural heritage systems play in food security?a) They do not contribute to food security. b) They contribute minimally to food security. c) They play a significant role in food security. d) They solely focus on food security. **Answer: c) They play a significant role in food security.** Explanation: Agricultural heritage systems play a significant role in ensuring food security. 7. What is the significance of GIAHS in terms of biodiversity conservation? a) They have no impact on biodiversity conservation. b) They contribute marginally to biodiversity conservation. c) They play a vital role in maintaining agricultural biodiversity. d) They focus solely on biodiversity conservation. **Answer: c) They play a vital role in maintaining agricultural biodiversity.** Explanation: GIAHS play a vital role in maintaining agricultural biodiversity. 8. What do agricultural heritage systems demonstrate about human ingenuity? a) They demonstrate the reliance on modern technologies. b) They showcase the dependence on external inputs. c) They exemplify inventive use of traditional knowledge and practices. d) They rely solely on natural processes. **Answer: c) They exemplify inventive use of traditional knowledge and practices.** Explanation: Agricultural heritage systems demonstrate the inventive use of traditional knowledge and practices. 9. How are GIAHS viewed in terms of contemporary and future agricultural innovations? a) They are considered irrelevant to modern agriculture. b) They are viewed as the foundation for contemporary and future agricultural innovations. c) They are seen as obstacles to agricultural progress. d) They are overlooked by the scientific community. **Answer: b) They are viewed as the foundation for contemporary and future agricultural innovations.** Explanation: GIAHS are viewed as the foundation for contemporary and future agricultural innovations. 10. What is the current state of agricultural diversity in many parts of the world? a) It has been completely eradicated. b) It is declining rapidly. c) It remains intact and flourishing. d) It is irrelevant to modern agriculture. **Answer: c) It remains intact and flourishing.** Explanation: Agricultural diversity remains intact and flourishing in many parts of the world, evident in the maintenance of unique agricultural systems. 11. What is the significance of double monsoons in ancient Indian agriculture? a) They led to a scarcity of water, hindering agricultural practices. b) They allowed for the reaping of two harvests in one year. c) They brought destructive floods, damaging crops. d) They caused desertification, making land unsuitable for farming. **Answer: b) They allowed for the reaping of two harvests in one year.**Explanation: Double monsoons in ancient India enabled farmers to reap two harvests in one year, which was crucial for agricultural productivity. 12. During which period did irrigation channels reach a new level of sophistication in India? a) Neolithic age b) Middle ages c) Modern era d) Industrial revolution **Answer: b) Middle ages** Explanation: Irrigation channels reached a new level of sophistication in India during the middle ages. 13. How did Indian crops influence economies during the middle ages? a) By causing economic stagnation b) By leading to the decline of other regions’ economies c) By affecting the economies of other regions under Islamic patronage d) By promoting agricultural diversity **Answer: c) By affecting the economies of other regions under Islamic patronage** Explanation: Indian crops affected the economies of other regions under Islamic patronage during the middle ages. 14. What change did settled life bring to early Indian agriculture? a) Introduction of advanced machinery b) Development of sophisticated irrigation systems c) Adoption of implements and techniques for agriculture d) Expansion of nomadic farming practices **Answer: c) Adoption of implements and techniques for agriculture** Explanation: Settled life in early Indian agriculture led to the adoption of implements and techniques for agriculture. 15. What role did plants and animals play in early Indian society? a) They were ignored by the population. b) They were considered irrelevant to survival. c) They were worshiped and venerated. d) They were used solely for economic purposes. **Answer: c) They were worshiped and venerated.** Explanation: Plants and animals were worshiped and venerated as they were considered essential to survival in early Indian society. 16. What historical period saw the development of sophisticated land and water management systems in India? a)

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