Definition of Agriculture, Meaning, and Scope of Agronomy MCQ for All Agriculture Exams like ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, etc.
1. What is the origin of the term ‘Agriculture’?
- A) Greek words “Agros” and “Nomos”
- B) Latin words “ager” or “agri” and “cultra”
- C) Latin words “Agros” and “Nomos”
- D) Greek words “ager” or “agri” and “cultra”
- Answer: B
- Explanation: The term “Agriculture” is derived from the Latin words “ager” or “agri” meaning “soil” and “cultra” meaning “cultivation.”
2. Which of the following best describes the meaning of ‘Agronomy’?
- A) The study of animal breeding
- B) The study of soil and water management
- C) The study of crop production, soil, and water management
- D) The study of crop diseases
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Agronomy is a branch of agricultural science that deals with principles and practices of soil, water, and crop management.
3. Agriculture encompasses which of the following activities?
- A) Crop production
- B) Livestock farming
- C) Fisheries and forestry
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D
- Explanation: Agriculture is a broad term that encompasses all aspects of crop production, livestock farming, fisheries, forestry, and more.
4. Which of the following factors influencing agriculture is beyond human control?
- A) Soil
- B) Irrigation
- C) Climate
- D) Fertilizers
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Climate is a factor that is beyond human control, while soil and irrigation can be managed.
5. Which of the following statements is true regarding agricultural sciences?
- A) Agricultural sciences are primarily basic sciences
- B) Agricultural sciences are primarily applied sciences
- C) Agricultural sciences do not rely on basic sciences
- D) Agricultural sciences are not influenced by other disciplines
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Agricultural sciences are essentially applied sciences and rely on basic sciences like Botany, Physiology, Chemistry, etc., for their development.
6. The term ‘Agronomy’ is derived from which of the following languages?
- A) Latin
- B) Greek
- C) French
- D) Sanskrit
- Answer: B
- Explanation: The term “Agronomy” is derived from the Greek words “Agros” meaning “field” and “nomos” meaning “to manage.”
7. Agronomy aims to create a favorable environment for which of the following?
- A) Livestock production
- B) Crop production
- C) Forestry management
- D) Fisheries
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Agronomy focuses on methods that provide a favorable environment for crop productivity.
8. Agriculture is known as the art, science, and business of producing crops and livestock for which purpose?
- A) Only for personal consumption
- B) For research purposes
- C) For man’s use and employment
- D) Only for export purposes
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Agriculture is the art, science, and business of producing crops and livestock for man’s use and employment.
9. Which of the following sciences does NOT primarily contribute to agricultural science?
- A) Zoology
- B) Physics
- C) Economics
- D) Astronomy
- Answer: D
- Explanation: Agricultural science depends on various basic sciences like Botany, Zoology, Physics, Chemistry, Economics, etc., but not on Astronomy.
10. Applied science in the context of agricultural science refers to which of the following?
- A) The application of basic principles in practical fields
- B) The theoretical study of fundamental concepts
- C) The focus on abstract scientific theories
- D) The examination of natural phenomena without a practical application
- Answer: A
- Explanation: Applied science in agricultural science refers to using the basic principles and fundamentals in practical fields to produce practical results and innovations.
11. How does the knowledge of Botany contribute to agricultural science?
- A) It helps identify soil types
- B) It assists in plant breeding and plant genetics
- C) It aids in estimating costs and returns
- D) It provides information on weather patterns
- Answer: B
- Explanation: The knowledge of Botany contributes to plant breeding and plant genetics, enabling the development of different crop varieties suitable for specific agro-climatic conditions.
12. How does Zoology contribute to agriculture?
- A) By helping to understand insect pests
- B) By identifying nutrient deficiencies in soil
- C) By predicting weather patterns
- D) By developing new plant varieties
- Answer: A
- Explanation: Zoology, especially the study of entomology, helps farmers identify insect pests that damage agricultural produce.
13. Why is soil chemistry important in agriculture?
- A) It helps understand weather patterns
- B) It assists in identifying plant nutrient status and deficiency symptoms
- C) It enables cost estimation for farming
- D) It provides insights into plant breeding
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Soil chemistry helps in understanding plant nutrient status in the soil and identifying deficiency symptoms in plants, which is crucial for effective crop management.
14. How does Physics contribute to agricultural science?
- A) By providing insight into soil conditions and weather phenomena
- B) By aiding in plant breeding
- C) By assisting in identifying insect pests
- D) By enabling cost estimation for farming
- Answer: A
- Explanation: Physics helps in understanding weather phenomena and soil conditions, which play a vital role in agricultural practices.
15. In what way is Mathematics useful in agricultural research and experimentation?
- A) It aids in statistical analysis and agricultural economics
- B) It provides insights into soil chemistry
- C) It helps in identifying insect pests
- D) It assists in plant breeding
- Answer: A
- Explanation: Mathematics, through statistics, is helpful in agricultural research and experimentation. It also plays a role in agricultural economics, allowing for better analysis of costs and returns.
16. How does the study of Economics contribute to agriculture?
- A) It helps estimate costs and returns and understand village farming conditions
- B) It provides insights into plant breeding
- C) It assists in identifying insect pests
- D) It helps understand soil chemistry
- Answer: A
- Explanation: The study of Economics is beneficial for estimating costs and returns, as well as understanding the conditions of farmers in villages, which is crucial for agricultural development and improvement.
17. What is the relationship between basic science and applied science in the context of agriculture?
- A) They are unrelated to each other
- B) Applied science depends on basic science for development
- C) Basic science depends on applied science
- D) Both basic and applied sciences operate independently in agriculture
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Applied science in agriculture relies on basic science for development. Basic sciences like Botany, Zoology, and Chemistry provide the foundational knowledge that is used in applied fields like agronomy and agricultural engineering.
18. Which of the following is NOT a contribution of basic science to agriculture?
- A) Plant breeding and genetics
- B) Understanding insect pests
- C) Predicting weather patterns
- D) Identifying market trends
- Answer: D
- Explanation: While basic sciences contribute to areas like plant breeding, insect identification, and weather patterns, identifying market trends is typically a focus of agricultural economics, not basic science.
19. How can Physics contribute to understanding soil conditions?
- A) By analyzing soil nutrient status
- B) By examining soil texture and structure
- C) By identifying insect pests
- D) By studying plant breeding techniques
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Physics can contribute to understanding soil conditions by examining soil texture and structure, which are crucial for assessing soil health and suitability for crop production.
20. Which of the following basic sciences is most directly related to identifying plant nutrient deficiencies?
- A) Zoology
- B) Physics
- C) Chemistry
- D) Mathematics
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Chemistry, especially soil chemistry, helps in identifying plant nutrient status and recognizing deficiency symptoms, guiding farmers in proper nutrient management.
21. What has driven the need for new knowledge about the application of chemical fertilizers in agronomy?
- A) The availability of chemical fertilizers
- B) Advances in organic farming
- C) Reduction in cultivation areas
- D) Increasing costs of traditional farming practices
- Answer: A
- Explanation: The availability of chemical fertilizers has driven the need for new knowledge and techniques in their application, ensuring effective use while minimizing environmental impact.
22. Which of the following is an example of the application of basic science in agricultural practices?
- A) Use of fertilizers to improve soil fertility
- B) Breeding new crop varieties
- C) Identifying and controlling pests
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D
- Explanation: All of the listed practices, such as using fertilizers, breeding new crop varieties, and pest control, are applications of basic science principles in agriculture.
23. How do basic sciences help in the development of agricultural tools and machinery?
- A) They provide theoretical models for machine design
- B) They offer practical knowledge for field testing
- C) They assist in determining market prices for machinery
- D) They help in estimating labor costs
- Answer: A
- Explanation: Basic sciences, particularly Physics and Engineering, provide the theoretical models and principles needed for the design and development of agricultural tools and machinery.
24. Which of the following is NOT a basic science contributing to agronomy?
- A) Botany
- B) Physics
- C) Zoology
- D) Anthropology
- Answer: D
- Explanation: While Botany, Physics, and Zoology contribute to agronomy, Anthropology is not directly involved in the agronomy field.
25. Which branch of science contributes most to understanding the life cycles of pests?
- A) Botany
- B) Zoology
- C) Chemistry
- D) Physics
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Zoology, especially the study of entomology, contributes most to understanding the life cycles of pests, enabling the development of effective pest management strategies.
26. Which of the following sciences is crucial for understanding the genetic makeup of crops?
- A) Zoology
- B) Botany
- C) Chemistry
- D) Genetics
- Answer: D
- Explanation: Genetics is the branch of science that deals with the study of heredity and variation in living organisms, which is essential for understanding the genetic makeup of crops and for plant breeding.
27. Which of the following areas is NOT directly influenced by agronomy?
- A) Soil management
- B) Crop production
- C) Dairy farming
- D) Water management
- Answer: C
- Explanation: While soil management, crop production, and water management are key aspects of agronomy, dairy farming is more related to animal husbandry rather than agronomy.
28. How does Chemistry contribute to plant disease control?
- A) By developing chemical fertilizers
- B) By synthesizing pesticides and fungicides
- C) By providing nutrients to the soil
- D) By studying the weather patterns
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Chemistry plays a crucial role in the synthesis of pesticides and fungicides, which are used to control plant diseases and protect crops from various pathogens.
29. Which agricultural practice is most associated with the study of Botany?
- A) Livestock breeding
- B) Crop breeding and improvement
- C) Irrigation management
- D) Soil conservation
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Botany, the study of plants, is closely associated with crop breeding and improvement, focusing on developing new plant varieties that are more productive and resistant to diseases.
30. In agricultural sciences, what is the primary focus of ‘Horticulture’?
- A) Crop production and soil management
- B) Livestock management
- C) Growing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants
- D) Fish farming
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Horticulture is a branch of agricultural science that focuses on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, ornamental plants, and landscape gardening.
31. What role does Agricultural Economics play in farming?
- A) It assists in soil management techniques
- B) It helps in the efficient allocation of resources and decision-making
- C) It deals with the genetic improvement of crops
- D) It is concerned with the biological control of pests
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Agricultural Economics plays a crucial role in the efficient allocation of resources, cost estimation, market analysis, and decision-making processes in farming.
32. Which of the following is an example of an applied science used in agricultural engineering?
- A) Meteorology
- B) Entomology
- C) Hydrology
- D) Agronomy
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Hydrology, the study of water and its movement, is an applied science used in agricultural engineering, particularly in designing irrigation systems and managing water resources for agriculture.
33. Which basic science is involved in the study of soil fertility?
- A) Zoology
- B) Chemistry
- C) Physics
- D) Botany
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Chemistry, especially soil chemistry, is involved in the study of soil fertility by analyzing the nutrient content and pH levels, which are essential for healthy plant growth.
34. Which branch of agricultural science focuses on the breeding and management of livestock?
- A) Agronomy
- B) Horticulture
- C) Animal Husbandry
- D) Soil Science
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Animal Husbandry is the branch of agricultural science that deals with the breeding, care, and management of livestock, focusing on improving productivity and health.
35. Which of the following is NOT a focus area of agronomy?
- A) Soil management
- B) Crop production
- C) Animal breeding
- D) Water management
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Agronomy focuses on soil management, crop production, and water management. Animal breeding is the domain of Animal Husbandry, not agronomy.
36. Which science is primarily involved in the study of weather patterns affecting agriculture?
- A) Entomology
- B) Meteorology
- C) Botany
- D) Zoology
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Meteorology is the science that studies weather patterns, which are crucial for planning agricultural activities like planting, irrigation, and harvesting.
37. Which basic science is essential for the development of fertilizers?
- A) Zoology
- B) Chemistry
- C) Physics
- D) Botany
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Chemistry is essential for the development of fertilizers, as it involves the study of chemical compounds that provide essential nutrients to plants.
38. Which branch of agricultural science is concerned with the mechanical aspects of farming?
- A) Agronomy
- B) Agricultural Engineering
- C) Horticulture
- D) Animal Husbandry
- Answer: B
- Explanation: Agricultural Engineering is concerned with the mechanical aspects of farming, including the design and development of agricultural machinery and infrastructure.
39. In which of the following areas does Physics play a significant role in agriculture?
- A) Crop genetics
- B) Soil fertility
- C) Irrigation systems and machinery
- D) Pest control
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Physics plays a significant role in the design and functioning of irrigation systems and agricultural machinery, ensuring efficient water usage and farm operations.
40. Which branch of science is involved in studying insect behavior and its impact on crops?
- A) Botany
- B) Zoology
- C) Entomology
- D) Soil Science
- Answer: C
- Explanation: Entomology, a branch of Zoology, is the study of insects, their behavior, and their impact on crops, which is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies.
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