MCQ on Vegetable Farming, Floriculture, Perfumes and Medicinal Plant - Examups

Vegetable Farming, Floriculture, Perfumes and Medicinal Plant MCQ for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, All Agriculture Competitive Exams.

Multiple-Choice Questions on Vegetable Crops in India

1. What are the major vegetable crops found in the Humid Western Himalayan Region of India?

A) Cucurbits, radish, carrot, turnip, cowpea, fenugreek, amaranthus
B) Eggplant, cucumber, ridge and sponge gourd
C) Brinjal, Abelmoschus manihot, Momordica chodinchinensis, Sechium edule
D) None of the above
Answer: A) Cucurbits, radish, carrot, turnip, cowpea, fenugreek, amaranthus
Explanation: The major vegetable crops found in the Humid Western Himalayan Region of India include cucurbits, radish, carrot, turnip, cowpea, fenugreek, and amaranthus.

2. Which region of India is known for its distribution of crops like cucurbits, radish, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, Abelmoschus manihot, Momordica chodinchinensis, and Sechium edule?

A) Humid Western Himalayan Region
B) Humid Bengal/Assam Basin
C) Southern Plateau and Hills Region
D) Coastal Plains and Islands Region
Answer: B) Humid Bengal/Assam Basin
Explanation: The Humid Bengal/Assam Basin region in India is known for its distribution of crops such as cucurbits, radish, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, Abelmoschus manihot, Momordica chodinchinensis, and Sechium edule.

3. How many species of major and minor vegetables are estimated to occur in India?

A) Around 30
B) Around 50
C) Around 80
D) Around 100
Answer: C) Around 80
Explanation: India is estimated to have around 80 species of major and minor vegetables, along with several wild edible species.

4. Which of the following is not listed as a major vegetable crop in the Humid Western Himalayan Region of India?

A) Turnip
B) Cowpea
C) Brinjal
D) Fenugreek
Answer: C) Brinjal
Explanation: Brinjal is not listed as a major vegetable crop in the Humid Western Himalayan Region. The major crops listed for this region include cucurbits, radish, carrot, turnip, cowpea, fenugreek, and amaranthus.

5. What are Vavilovian centres?

A) Centres of agricultural research
B) Centres for the distribution of vegetable seeds
C) Centres of crop plant diversity
D) Centres of urban farming
Answer: C) Centres of crop plant diversity
Explanation: Vavilovian centres refer to geographical areas recognized for their exceptional diversity in crop plants.

6. Which of the following vegetables is not native to the Indian subcontinent?

A) Eggplant
B) Cucumber
C) Ridge gourd
D) Tomato
Answer: D) Tomato
Explanation: Among the options listed, tomato is not native to the Indian subcontinent.

7. What is the primary focus of vegetable farming in India?

A) Maximizing grain production
B) Exporting exotic vegetables
C) Catering to domestic consumption and nutrition needs
D) Growing cash crops for industrial use
Answer: C) Catering to domestic consumption and nutrition needs
Explanation: Vegetable farming in India primarily focuses on catering to domestic consumption and fulfilling nutrition needs.

8. Which agro-ecological region of India is known for its cultivation of brinjal, chillies, and cowpea?

A) Humid Western Himalayan Region
B) Southern Plateau and Hills Region
C) Humid Bengal/Assam Basin
D) Coastal Plains and Islands Region
Answer: C) Humid Bengal/Assam Basin
Explanation: The Humid Bengal/Assam Basin region of India is known for cultivating crops like brinjal, chillies, and cowpea.

9. Which of the following vegetables is commonly cultivated in the Southern Plateau and Hills Region of India?

A) Carrot
B) Brinjal
C) Radish
D) Cucumber
Answer: B) Brinjal
Explanation: Brinjal is commonly cultivated in the Southern Plateau and Hills Region of India.

10. What is the significance of the Indian subcontinent as a Vavilovian centre?

A) It has the highest vegetable crop yield in the world
B) It has a high level of biodiversity in several vegetable crops
C) It exports the most vegetable seeds globally
D) It has the oldest vegetable farming tradition
Answer: B) It has a high level of biodiversity in several vegetable crops
Explanation: The Indian subcontinent is significant as a Vavilovian centre due to its high level of biodiversity in several vegetable crops, which contributes to global agricultural diversity and resilience.

Multiple-Choice Questions on Agro-Ecological Regions and Crop Cultivation in India

11. Which of the following regions in India is known for the cultivation of crops like Solanum torvum and S. sisymbrifolium?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
D) Arid Western Plains
Answer: A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
Explanation: Solanum torvum and S. sisymbrifolium are crops cultivated in the Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands.

12. Which agro-ecological region of India is known for the cultivation of crops such as fenugreek, onion, garlic, Solanum hispidum, and S. surattense?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
D) Arid Western Plains
Answer: B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
Explanation: The Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains region of India is known for cultivating crops such as fenugreek, onion, garlic, Solanum hispidum, and S. surattense.

13. Which region in India is characterized by the cultivation of crops like cucurbits, radish, carrot, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, okra, and spinach?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
D) Arid Western Plains
Answer: C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
Explanation: Crops like cucurbits, radish, carrot, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, okra, and spinach are cultivated in the Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands region of India.

14. Which of the following regions is known for the cultivation of crops like cucurbits, cauliflower, carrot, peas, fenugreek, onion, garlic, and Citrullus sp.?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Arid Western Plains
D) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Answer: C) Arid Western Plains
Explanation: The Arid Western Plains region of India is known for cultivating crops like cucurbits, cauliflower, carrot, peas, fenugreek, onion, garlic, and Citrullus sp.

15. Which agro-ecological region of India encompasses states like Maharashtra and West Madhya Pradesh and is known for crops such as cucurbits, cauliflower, radish, fenugreek, Solanum torvum, S. nigrum, and S. kharianum?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
D) Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau
Answer: C) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Explanation: The Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands region of India, encompassing states like Maharashtra and West Madhya Pradesh, is known for cultivating crops such as cucurbits, cauliflower, radish, fenugreek, Solanum torvum, S. nigrum, and S. kharianum.

16. Which region of India, including states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Lakshadweep, is known for cultivating crops like cucurbits, chillies, brinjal, okra, amaranthus, Solanum trilobatum, S. indicum, Luffa acutaugula, and Basella rubra?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
C) Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau
D) Arid Western Plains
Answer: C) Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau
Explanation: The Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau region of India, including states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Lakshadweep, is known for cultivating crops like cucurbits, chillies, brinjal, okra, amaranthus, Solanum trilobatum, S. indicum, Luffa acutaugula, and Basella rubra.

17. In which region of India, including states like Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat, are crops such as cucurbits, cauliflower, carrot, peas, fenugreek, onion, garlic, and Citrullus sp. predominantly cultivated?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Arid Western Plains
D) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Answer: C) Arid Western Plains
Explanation: The Arid Western Plains region of India, including states like Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat, is characterized by the cultivation of crops such as cucurbits, cauliflower, carrot, peas, fenugreek, onion, garlic, and Citrullus sp.

18. Which agro-ecological region of India, covering states like East Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Andhra Pradesh, is known for cultivating crops like Solanum torvum, cucurbits, radish, carrot, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, and okra?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
D) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Answer: C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
Explanation: The Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands region of India, covering states like East Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Andhra Pradesh, is known for cultivating crops like Solanum torvum, cucurbits, radish, carrot, cowpea, chillies, brinjal, and okra.

19. Which of the following regions in India is not known for its humid climate?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
C) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
D) Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau
Answer: C) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Explanation: The Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands region of India is characterized by a semi-arid climate, unlike the other options listed which are known for their humid climate.

20. Which region of India, encompassing states like Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar, is known for cultivating crops such as fenugreek, onion, garlic, Solanum hispidum, and S. surattense?

A) Humid Eastern Himalayan Region and Bay Islands
B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
C) Humid Eastern and Southeastern Uplands
D) Semi-Arid Lava Plateau and Central Highlands
Answer: B) Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains
Explanation: The Sub-humid Sutlej, Ganga Alluvial Plains region of India, encompassing states like Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar, is known for cultivating crops such as fenugreek, onion, garlic, Solanum hispidum, and S. surattense.

21. Which flowering plant is frequently mentioned in Kalidasa’s play and is considered a climber?

A) Sacred lotus (Nelumbo mucifera)
B) Madhavilata (Hiptage madhablata)
C) Mask-mallow (Hibiscus abelmoschus)
D) Garland flower (Hedichium coronarium)

Answer: B) Madhavilata (Hiptage madhablata)
Explanation: Madhavilata, also known as Hiptage madhablata, is the flowering plant that received frequent mention in Kalidasa’s play. It is described as a climber.

22. Which sweet-scented shrub is mentioned in ancient Sanskrit classics like the Rig Veda and the Ramayana?

A) Sacred lotus (Nelumbo mucifera)
B) Mask-mallow (Hibiscus abelmoschus)
C) Madhavilata (Hiptage madhablata)
D) Garland flower (Hedichium coronarium)

Answer: B) Mask-mallow (Hibiscus abelmoschus)
Explanation: The Mask-mallow, also known as Hibiscus abelmoschus, is mentioned among ancient Sanskrit classics like the Rig Veda and the Ramayana as a sweet-scented shrub.

23. Which ancient Sanskrit classics mention the description of flowers and gardens?

A) Rig Veda
B) Ramayana
C) Mahabharata
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The Rig Veda, Ramayana, and Mahabharata, all ancient Sanskrit classics, mention the description of flowers and gardens.

24. Which flower is considered the most important and has numerous references in Sanskrit literature?

A) Sacred lotus (Nelumbo mucifera)
B) Madhavilata (Hiptage madhablata)
C) Mask-mallow (Hibiscus abelmoschus)
D) Garland flower (Hedichium coronarium)

Answer: A) Sacred lotus (Nelumbo mucifera)
Explanation: The sacred lotus, also known as Nelumbo mucifera, was considered the most important flower with numerous references in Sanskrit literature.

25. During which historical period in India were gardens laid out around monasteries and stupas?

A) Buddhist period
B) Mughal period
C) British period
D) Mauryan period

Answer: A) Buddhist period
Explanation: Gardens were laid out around monasteries and stupas during the Buddhist period in India.

26. Which ancient civilization featured lotus blossoms wreathed over the head of the Sun-God?

A) Indus Valley Civilization
B) Mesopotamian Civilization
C) Egyptian Civilization
D) Harappan Civilization

Answer: A) Indus Valley Civilization
Explanation: In the days of the Indus Valley Civilization, lotus blossoms were wreathed over the head of the Sun-God.

27. During which historical period were several ornamental plants introduced into India, including by the Mughals and the British?

A) Buddhist period
B) Mauryan period
C) Mughal period
D) Gupta period

Answer: C) Mughal period
Explanation: Several ornamental plants were introduced into India during the Mughal period (16th and 17th centuries AD) and the British period (18th and 19th centuries AD).

28. Which ancient Indian text mentions flowers and gardens and was written by Shudraka?

A) Rig Veda
B) Ramayana
C) Mahabharata
D) None of the above

Answer: D) None of the above
Explanation: Shudraka is associated with the play “Mricchakatika” (The Little Clay Cart), which features references to flowers and gardens, but it is not an ancient Indian text like the Rig Veda, Ramayana, or Mahabharata.

29. During which period were gardens laid out in Nalanda and Taxila?

A) Buddhist period
B) Mughal period
C) Gupta period
D) Mauryan period

Answer: A) Buddhist period
Explanation: Gardens were laid out in Nalanda and Taxila during the Buddhist period.

30. Which historical periods contributed to the improvement of flowers like orchids and Rhododendrons?

A) Buddhist period and Gupta period
B) Mughal period and British period
C) Mauryan period and Gupta period
D) Harappan Civilization and Indus Valley Civilization

Answer: B) Mughal period and British period
Explanation: The Mughal period and the British period in India contributed to the improvement of flowers like orchids and Rhododendrons, introducing several ornamental plants into the country.

31. Who is credited with introducing the concept of developing enclosed gardens in India during the Mughal period?

A) Babur
B) Akbar
C) Jahangir
D) Abu-i-Fazi

Answer: B) Akbar
Explanation: The concept of developing enclosed gardens in India was introduced by the Mughals during the 16th and 17th centuries, with Akbar the Great being credited as a garden lover.

32. Which Mughal emperor is credited with introducing the scented Persian rose in India?

A) Babur
B) Akbar
C) Jahangir
D) Abu-i-Fazi

Answer: A) Babur
Explanation: Babur is credited with introducing the scented Persian rose in India during the Mughal period.

33. Who provided a list of fragrant flowering plants along with flower color and season of flowering in Ain-i-Akbari?

A) Babur
B) Akbar
C) Jahangir
D) Abu-i-Fazi

Answer: D) Abu-i-Fazi
Explanation: Abu-i-Fazi provided a list of 21 fragrant flowering plants along with flower color and season of flowering in Ain-i-Akbari.

34. Which historical document contains information about Jahangir’s familiarity with important fragrant plants of India?

A) Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri
B) Ain-i-Akbari
C) Baburnama
D) None of the above

Answer: A) Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri
Explanation: Information about Jahangir’s familiarity with important fragrant plants of India can be found in the Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri.

35. Which Mughal emperor is known for his love for gardens and plants?

A) Babur
B) Akbar
C) Jahangir
D) Abu-i-Fazi

Answer: C) Jahangir
Explanation: Jahangir, the Mughal emperor of India, was known for his love for gardens and plants.

36. During which centuries were Mughal gardens developed in various places such as Agra, Delhi, Pinjore, and Srinagar?

A) 14th and 15th centuries
B) 15th and 16th centuries
C) 16th and 17th centuries
D) 17th and 18th centuries

Answer: C) 16th and 17th centuries
Explanation: Mughal gardens were developed in various places during the 16th and 17th centuries, including Agra, Delhi, Pinjore, and Srinagar.

37. During which period were several botanical gardens established in various parts of India?

A) Mughal period
B) British period
C) Gupta period
D) Mauryan period

Answer: B) British period
Explanation: Several botanical gardens were established in various parts of India during the British period in the 18th and 19th centuries.

38. Which botanical garden was established in Bangalore in 1760 during the British period?

A) Lalbagh Botanical Garden
B) Indian Botanic Garden, Sibpur
C) Government Botanic Garden, Saharanpur
D) None of the above

Answer: A) Lalbagh Botanical Garden
Explanation: Lalbagh Botanical Garden was established in Bangalore in 1760 during the British period.

39. Who introduced a large number of plants into Indian gardens during the European period?

A) Mughal emperors
B) Missionary priests
C) Indian kings
D) None of the above

Answer: B) Missionary priests
Explanation: Missionary priests, along with Englishmen, Portuguese, and amateur and professional gardeners from Europe, Asia, and Africa, introduced a large number of plants into Indian gardens during the European period.

40. Which document provides information about fragrant flowering plants listed along with their notable beauty during the Mughal period?

A) Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri
B) Ain-i-Akbari
C) Baburnama
D) Abu-i-Fazi’s notes

Answer: B) Ain-i-Akbari
Explanation: Ain-i-Akbari provides information about fragrant flowering plants listed along with their notable beauty during the Mughal period.

41. What is the significance of Calcutta (1783), the Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling (1878), and the Government Botanic Garden, Ootacamund (1884)?

A) They were centers of political activity during the British rule in India.
B) They were important sites for the cultivation of economic plants and ornamentals.
C) They were established as educational institutions for botanical studies.
D) They were locations for important trade fairs during the colonial period.

Answer: B) They were important sites for the cultivation of economic plants and ornamentals.
Explanation: Calcutta (1783), the Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling (1878), and the Government Botanic Garden, Ootacamund (1884) played significant roles in introducing numerous economic plants as well as ornamentals through their cultivation efforts.

42. Which ancient Sanskrit encyclopedia provides information about the blending of perfumes used in royal baths and rituals?

A) Rig Veda
B) Manasollasa
C) Ain-i-Akbari
D) Brhat Samhita

Answer: B) Manasollasa
Explanation: The Sanskrit encyclopedia ‘Manasollasa’, composed by Someshwara in AD 1127, provides information about the blending of perfumes used in royal baths and rituals.

43. What does the term ‘yukti’ refer to in the context of perfumery as mentioned in the Brhat Samhita?

A) Composition and combination of perfumes
B) Royal baths
C) Medicinal plants
D) Rituals and worship

Answer: A) Composition and combination of perfumes
Explanation: In the context of perfumery as mentioned in the Brhat Samhita, the term ‘yukti’ refers to the composition and combination of perfumes.

44. Which historical document provides a list of twenty-one fragrant flowering plants along with their seasons and colors?

A) Rig Veda
B) Manasollasa
C) Ain-i-Akbari
D) Brhat Samhita

Answer: C) Ain-i-Akbari
Explanation: The Ain-i-Akbari, written in the 17th century, provides a list of twenty-one fragrant flowering plants along with their seasons and colors.

45. Which ancient civilization had a perfumery tradition dating back over 5,000 years?

A) Mesopotamian Civilization
B) Egyptian Civilization
C) Indus Valley Civilization
D) Harappan Civilization

Answer: C) Indus Valley Civilization
Explanation: India’s perfumery tradition dates back over 5,000 years to the Indus Valley Civilization, where roots, flowers, and leaves were used in perfumery.

46. How many native plant species are known for their aroma and flavor, according to information provided?

A) About 500
B) About 1000
C) About 1300
D) About 2000

Answer: C) About 1300
Explanation: About 1300 native plant species are known for their aroma and flavor, according to the information provided.

47. Which ancient Indian text discusses the preparation of perfumes for the benefit of royal personages and inhabitants of harems?

A) Rig Veda
B) Manasollasa
C) Ain-i-Akbari
D) Brhat Samhita

Answer: D) Brhat Samhita
Explanation: The Brhat Samhita discusses the preparation of perfumes for the benefit of royal personages and inhabitants of harems.

48. Which systems of medicine are mentioned to be of great demand in India due to their reliance on medicinal and aromatic plants?

A) Ayurveda, Unani, and Sidha
B) Allopathy and Homeopathy
C) Naturopathy and Acupuncture
D) Herbalism and Traditional Chinese Medicine

Answer: A) Ayurveda, Unani, and Sidha
Explanation: Ayurveda, Unani, and Sidha systems of medicine are mentioned to be of great demand in India due to their reliance on medicinal and aromatic plants.

49. During which period were several botanical gardens established in India, introducing numerous economic plants and ornamentals?

A) Mughal period
B) British period
C) Gupta period
D) Mauryan period

Answer: B) British period
Explanation: Several botanical gardens were established in India during the British period, introducing numerous economic plants and ornamentals.

50. What was the primary purpose of the botanical gardens established in Calcutta, Darjeeling, and Ootacamund?

A) To serve as recreational spaces for the colonial elite
B) To conduct scientific research on local flora and fauna
C) To introduce and cultivate economic plants and ornamentals
D) To train local farmers in modern agricultural techniques

Answer: C) To introduce and cultivate economic plants and ornamentals
Explanation: The primary purpose of the botanical gardens established in Calcutta, Darjeeling, and Ootacamund was to introduce and cultivate economic plants and ornamentals.

51. Which plants have been under cultivation for many years, as mentioned in the passage?

A) Saffron and opium poppy
B) Belladonna and ergot
C) Cinchona and pyrethrum
D) Henbane and toxglove

Answer: A) Saffron and opium poppy
Explanation: Saffron and opium poppy are mentioned as plants that have been under cultivation for many years.

52. When was the opium poppy possibly introduced to India?

A) 15th century
B) 16th century
C) 17th century
D) 18th century

Answer: B) 16th century
Explanation: The opium poppy is mentioned as possibly being introduced to India in the later part of the 16th century, through introduction from West Asia.

53. Which plant was introduced in India primarily to combat malaria and diarrhea?

A) Saffron
B) Opium poppy
C) Cinchona
D) Belladonna

Answer: C) Cinchona
Explanation: Cinchona was introduced in India mainly to fight the menace of malaria and diarrhea.

54. During which historical period were plants like belladonna, ergot, and pyrethrum introduced in India?

A) Industrial Revolution
B) Second World War
C) Renaissance
D) Gupta Empire

Answer: B) Second World War
Explanation: Plants like belladonna, ergot, pyrethrum, henbane, and toxglove were introduced in India during the Second World War to meet the demand for raw materials for vital drugs.

55. What percentage of plant collections in India involve destructive harvesting?

A) 30%
B) 50%
C) 70%
D) 90%

Answer: C) 70%
Explanation: According to the passage, 70% of the plant collections in India involve destructive harvesting.

56. How many plants have large and consistent demand in world trade, according to the passage?

A) 50
B) 65
C) 80
D) 100

Answer: B) 65
Explanation: About 65 plants have large and consistent demand in world trade.

57. What is India’s market share in the production value of medicinal plants?

A) 2%
B) 4%
C) 6%
D) 7%

Answer: D) 7%
Explanation: India holds only the 6th place in terms of market share in production value, with a mere 7% share.

58. Which systems of medicine flourished in ancient India?

A) Ayurveda and Homeopathy
B) Siddha and Ayurveda
C) Unani and Siddha
D) Naturopathy and Ayurveda

Answer: B) Siddha and Ayurveda
Explanation: The two ancient systems of medicine in India mentioned in the passage are Siddha and Ayurveda.

59. Who is traditionally attributed with the origin of the Siddha system of medicine?

A) Paracelsus
B) Hippocrates
C) Charaka
D) Shiva

Answer: D) Shiva
Explanation: According to tradition, it was Shiva who unfolded the knowledge of the Siddha system of medicine.

60. Approximately how many practitioners in India use medicinal plants in preventive and curative applications?

A) 1 lakh
B) 5 lakhs
C) 10 lakhs
D) 15 lakhs

Answer: D) 15 lakhs
Explanation: More than 15 lakh practitioners in India use medicinal plants in preventive and curative applications, according to the passage.

61. Which system of medicine is associated with the tradition of Shiva, according to the passage?

A) Ayurveda
B) Siddha
C) Unani
D) Allopathy

Answer: B) Siddha
Explanation: The tradition of Shiva is associated with the Siddha system of medicine, as it is believed that Shiva transmitted the knowledge of Siddha medicine to his consort Parvati, who then passed it down to Nandideva and the Siddhars.

62. What is the meaning of the term ‘Siddha’ in the context of the Siddha system of medicine?

A) The founder of the system
B) A saintly figure who achieved results in medicine through Yoga
C) A type of herbal remedy
D) A specific diagnostic technique

Answer: B) A saintly figure who achieved results in medicine through Yoga
Explanation: In the context of the Siddha system of medicine, the term ‘Siddha’ refers to saintly figures who achieved results in medicine through the practice of Yoga.

63. Which ancient figure is associated with the development of the Siddha system of medicine?

A) Aswini Devatas
B) Brahma
C) Prajapati
D) Agasthya

Answer: D) Agasthya
Explanation: Sage Agasthya is associated with the development of the Siddha system of medicine and is considered one of its famous exponents.

64. What is another name for the Siddha system of medicine?

A) Arsha Sampradaya
B) Saiva Sampradayam
C) Ayurveda
D) Unani

Answer: B) Saiva Sampradayam
Explanation: The Siddha system of medicine is also known as Saiva Sampradayam, referring to its association with Shiva.

65. What is the Siddha system primarily focused on?

A) Surgical procedures
B) Herbal remedies
C) Psychotherapy
D) Diagnostic techniques

Answer: B) Herbal remedies
Explanation: The Siddha system of medicine is primarily focused on herbal remedies, as mentioned in the passage.

66. According to tradition, who taught the Ayurveda system of medicine?

A) Shiva
B) Vishnu
C) Brahma
D) Aswini Devatas

Answer: C) Brahma
Explanation: According to tradition, Brahma, the Creator of the Universe, taught the Ayurveda system of medicine.

67. What is emphasized about the origins of the Siddha and Ayurveda systems of medicine?

A) They were founded by specific individuals at particular points in time.
B) They have no exact point of origin and are considered eternal.
C) They originated during the Vedic period.
D) They were developed independently of each other.

Answer: B) They have no exact point of origin and are considered eternal.
Explanation: The passage emphasizes that there is no exact point of time to which the beginning of the Siddha and Ayurveda systems of medicine could be traced, as they are considered eternal.

68. What role did the ancient Tamils play in the development of the Siddha system of medicine?

A) They were the founders of the system.
B) They preserved the teachings of Siddhars.
C) They were the primary practitioners of Siddha medicine.
D) They contributed to the system’s therapeutic knowledge and practice.

Answer: D) They contributed to the system’s therapeutic knowledge and practice.
Explanation: The ancient Tamils contributed to the development of the Siddha system of medicine by practicing therapeutic knowledge and methods passed down by Siddhars.

69. What is the significance of the Neem tree in the context of ancient medicine?

A) It was regarded as sacred in the Siddha system.
B) It was the first medicinal plant mentioned in Ayurvedic texts.
C) It was primarily used in surgical procedures.
D) It was used to treat diarrhea.

Answer: A) It was regarded as sacred in the Siddha system.
Explanation: In the context of the ancient Siddha system of medicine, the Neem tree was regarded as sacred and had medicinal significance.

70. What is emphasized about the collection of medicinal plants in India?

A) It primarily involves non-destructive methods.
B) It is conducted mainly in botanical gardens.
C) It relies heavily on forest resources, leading to endangerment of some plant species.
D) It is primarily carried out by government agencies.

Answer: C) It relies heavily on forest resources, leading to endangerment of some plant species.
Explanation: The passage highlights that the collection of medicinal plants in India relies heavily on forest resources, which leads to the endangerment of some plant species.

71. What is the traditional belief regarding the Neem tree in ancient medicine?

A) It was primarily used for surgical procedures.
B) It was regarded as a deterrent for smallpox and other infectious diseases.
C) It was considered ineffective against evil spirits.
D) It was believed to be harmful to human health.

Answer: B) It was regarded as a deterrent for smallpox and other infectious diseases.
Explanation: According to traditional belief in ancient medicine, the Neem tree was regarded as a deterrent for smallpox and other infectious diseases, and it was also believed to possess powers to ward off evil spirits.

72. What is the primary focus of ‘Kaya Kalpa’ treatment in the Siddha system of medicine?

A) Identifying the causes of diseases
B) Curing degenerative diseases and prolonging life span
C) Providing symptomatic relief for common ailments
D) Conducting surgical procedures

Answer: B) Curing degenerative diseases and prolonging life span
Explanation: The primary focus of ‘Kaya Kalpa’ treatment in the Siddha system of medicine is to cure degenerative diseases and prolong life span, serving as an anti-degenerative elixir.

73. Which ancient text is credited with the codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda?

A) Atharva Veda
B) Caraka Samhita
C) Susruta Samhita
D) Ashtanga Hridya Samhita

Answer: A) Atharva Veda
Explanation: The Atharva Veda is credited with the codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda.

74. Who authored the Caraka Samhita, a significant text in Ayurveda?

A) Caraka
B) Susruta
C) Vagbhata
D) Nagarjuna

Answer: A) Caraka
Explanation: The Caraka Samhita was authored by Caraka, and it is one of the significant texts in Ayurveda.

75. Which text is associated with the timeline of Indian medicine around 700 AD?

A) Ashtanga Samgraha
B) Rasaratnakara
C) Rug Vinishchaya
D) Siddha Yoga

Answer: A) Ashtanga Samgraha
Explanation: Ashtanga Samgraha by Vagbhata is associated with the timeline of Indian medicine around 700 AD.

76. What is the significance of the book “Bhavaprakasha” in the history of Indian medicine?

A) It describes the medicinal properties of Indian plants.
B) It introduces new surgical techniques.
C) It is the first text to mention Ayurveda.
D) It outlines the principles of Siddha medicine.

Answer: A) It describes the medicinal properties of Indian plants.
Explanation: Bhavaprakasha by Bhava Misra is significant in the history of Indian medicine as it describes the medicinal properties of Indian plants.

77. Which work includes descriptions of many Indian medicinal plants and is dated to AD 1563?

A) Caraka Samhita
B) Ashtanga Hridya Samhita
C) Bhavaprakasha
D) Garcia da Orta’s Coloquios dos simples e Drogas e cousas medicineis da India

Answer: D) Garcia da Orta’s Coloquios dos simples e Drogas e cousas medicineis da India
Explanation: Garcia da Orta’s Coloquios dos simples e Drogas e cousas medicineis da India, dated to AD 1563, includes descriptions of many Indian medicinal plants.

78. What does the term ‘Kaya Kalpa’ primarily aim to achieve?

A) Identifying the causes of diseases
B) Symptomatic relief of ailments
C) Prolonging life span and curing degenerative diseases
D) Conducting surgical interventions

Answer: C) Prolonging life span and curing degenerative diseases
Explanation: The term ‘Kaya Kalpa’ primarily aims to prolong life span and cure degenerative diseases in the Siddha system of medicine.

79. According to the passage, what is the scope of ‘Kaya Kalpa’ treatment?

A) To provide palliative care for terminal illnesses
B) To address mental health disorders
C) To cure degenerative diseases and prolong life span
D) To enhance physical fitness and athleticism

Answer: C) To cure degenerative diseases and prolong life span
Explanation: The scope of ‘Kaya Kalpa’ treatment is to cure degenerative diseases and prolong life span, as stated in the passage.

80. Which timeline of Indian medicine entry refers to the codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda?

A) 1000 BC – Atharva Veda
B) 600 BC – Codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda
C) 400 BC – Caraka Samhita by Caraka
D) 700 AD – Ashtanga Hridya Samhita by Vagbhata

Answer: B) 600 BC – Codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda
Explanation: The timeline of 600 BC marks the codification of medical knowledge into Ayurveda, according to the passage.

81. What is the meaning of the term “Ayurveda”?

A) Science of spirituality
B) Knowledge of plants
C) Life knowledge
D) Medical practice

Answer: C) Life knowledge
Explanation: The term “Ayurveda” is derived from Sanskrit roots “ayur” (life) and “veda” (knowledge), meaning “life knowledge.”

82. Where was medical education available in ancient India according to the passage?

A) Only in rural areas
B) Exclusively in temples
C) In larger cities like Taxila, Kasi, and Nalanda
D) Solely in royal palaces

Answer: C) In larger cities like Taxila, Kasi, and Nalanda
Explanation: According to the passage, medical education was available in larger cities such as Taxila, Kasi (Varanasi), and Nalanda in ancient India.

83. What is the significance of Ayodhya in terms of medical practitioners during ancient times?

A) It was a center for surgical innovations.
B) It housed a large number of physicians.
C) It was known for its advanced medical research.
D) It was the birthplace of Ayurveda.

Answer: B) It housed a large number of physicians.
Explanation: Ayodhya was inhabited by a good number of vaidyas or physicians during ancient times, as mentioned in the passage.

84. According to the passage, what role did surgeons play during ancient times in India?

A) They primarily worked in rural areas.
B) They were in special demand and accompanied royalty.
C) They were not recognized as skilled professionals.
D) They were known for their expertise in herbal medicine.

Answer: B) They were in special demand and accompanied royalty.
Explanation: Surgeons were in special demand and accompanied royalty during ancient times in India, according to the passage.

85. What is the estimated percentage of the global population in developing countries that still relies on traditional medicines, mostly plant-based?

A) 20%
B) 50%
C) 80%
D) 95%

Answer: C) 80%
Explanation: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 80% of the population in developing countries still relies on traditional medicines, mostly plant-based, for their primary health care needs.

86. What percentage of modern pharmacopoeia contains drugs derived from plants?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 50%

Answer: C) 25%
Explanation: Modern pharmacopoeia contains at least 25% drugs derived from plants, as stated in the passage.

87. Why is there a growing demand for medicinal plants in both developing and developed countries?

A) Due to their scarcity
B) Because they are expensive
C) Because they are non-toxic, have no side-effects, and are easily available at affordable prices
D) Due to government regulations

Answer: C) Because they are non-toxic, have no side-effects, and are easily available at affordable prices
Explanation: There is a growing demand for medicinal plants in both developing and developed countries due to their non-toxic nature, lack of side-effects, and affordability, as mentioned in the passage.

88. How many species of plants are reported to be used for medicine in India according to the Ministry of Environment and Forests?

A) Over 5000
B) Over 6000
C) Over 7000
D) Over 8000

Answer: D) Over 8000
Explanation: According to an all-India ethno-biological survey carried out by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, there are over 8000 species of plants being used for medicine in India.

89. What are the various applications of medicinal plants mentioned in the passage?

A) Pharmaceuticals only
B) Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics only
C) Pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food supplements
D) Pharmaceuticals and neutraceuticals only

Answer: C) Pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food supplements
Explanation: Medicinal plants are finding use as pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food supplements, as stated in the passage.

90. What is the primary source of medicinal knowledge in ancient India?