MCQs on Irrigation Management and Drainage

Irrigation Management and Drainage MCQ for ICAR-JEF, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-NET, IBPS-AFO/SO, Pre-PG, BHU Pre-PG, IFFCO-AGT, CCI, FCI, B.sc, M.sc, etc.

Here are 20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers and explanations on Irrigation Management and Drainage:


Irrigation Management MCQs


Question 1:

What is the primary objective of irrigation in agriculture?

  • A) To increase soil fertility
  • B) To supply essential moisture for plant growth
  • C) To create drainage systems
  • D) To ensure even distribution of sunlight

Answer: B) To supply essential moisture for plant growth
Explanation: The primary goal of irrigation is to provide plants with the necessary water for growth, especially in areas with insufficient or irregular rainfall.


Question 2:

Which of the following is NOT an objective of irrigation?

  • A) To ensure crop insurance against short spells of drought
  • B) To dilute or wash out soluble salts
  • C) To create soil erosion
  • D) To provide favorable microclimates for crop growth

Answer: C) To create soil erosion
Explanation: Irrigation supports crop growth and productivity, while soil erosion is an undesirable outcome.


Question 3:

Which method of irrigation involves the distribution of water through small channels or furrows?

  • A) Drip irrigation
  • B) Check basin
  • C) Corrugations
  • D) Sprinkler system

Answer: C) Corrugations
Explanation: The corrugation method involves creating small furrows or channels to guide water efficiently to crops.


Question 4:

What is one of the advantages of drainage in agricultural systems?

  • A) To prevent waterlogging
  • B) To increase soil moisture
  • C) To enhance soil erosion
  • D) To create water reservoirs

Answer: A) To prevent waterlogging
Explanation: Drainage removes excess water from the soil, preventing waterlogging and ensuring better aeration for plant roots.


Question 5:

Which of the following is a common method to quantify the amount of irrigation water?

  • A) Rain gauge
  • B) Water meters
  • C) Thermometers
  • D) Soil probes

Answer: B) Water meters
Explanation: Water meters measure the amount of water flowing through irrigation systems, enabling accurate water management.


Question 6:

Which type of irrigation is best suited for conserving water by delivering it directly to the roots?

  • A) Surface flooding
  • B) Sprinkler irrigation
  • C) Drip/trickle irrigation
  • D) Boarder strip irrigation

Answer: C) Drip/trickle irrigation
Explanation: Drip irrigation delivers water directly to the root zone, minimizing water loss due to evaporation or runoff.


Question 7:

One of the objectives of irrigation is to “soften tillage pans.” What does this refer to?

  • A) Reducing the hardness of soil layers that impede root growth
  • B) Softening the soil for easier planting
  • C) Increasing water retention in the soil
  • D) Improving soil fertility

Answer: A) Reducing the hardness of soil layers that impede root growth
Explanation: Tillage pans are compacted soil layers that limit root penetration, and irrigation can help soften these layers, promoting better root development.


Question 8:

Which of the following irrigation methods is typically used in flat, uniform fields to irrigate large areas?

  • A) Drip irrigation
  • B) Flooding
  • C) Ridge and furrow
  • D) Sprinkler system

Answer: B) Flooding
Explanation: Flooding is used in flat, uniform fields where water is spread over large areas for uniform irrigation.


Question 9:

In the context of irrigation, what does the term “intensive cropping” refer to?

  • A) Planting multiple crops in a single growing season
  • B) Using extensive amounts of fertilizers
  • C) Increasing the density of crops in a field
  • D) Harvesting crops more frequently

Answer: A) Planting multiple crops in a single growing season
Explanation: Intensive cropping involves growing multiple crops within one growing season, requiring effective irrigation management.


Question 10:

What is the key advantage of using a sprinkler system for irrigation?

  • A) It is highly water-efficient
  • B) It can cover large areas with minimal labor
  • C) It reduces soil erosion
  • D) It allows for controlled water distribution in specific patterns

Answer: B) It can cover large areas with minimal labor
Explanation: Sprinkler systems efficiently irrigate large areas with less labor, which is beneficial for commercial farming.


Drainage Management MCQs


Question 11:

What is drainage in the context of agriculture?

  • A) The process of removing excess water from the soil
  • B) The addition of nutrients to the soil
  • C) The creation of water reservoirs for irrigation
  • D) The implementation of irrigation systems

Answer: A) The process of removing excess water from the soil
Explanation: Drainage involves removing excess water from the soil to prevent waterlogging and improve plant growth.


Question 12:

Which of the following is a common cause of waterlogging in agricultural fields?

  • A) Intensive rains
  • B) Low soil fertility
  • C) Insufficient irrigation
  • D) Lack of crop rotation

Answer: A) Intensive rains
Explanation: Heavy rains can saturate the soil, causing waterlogging if the soil cannot absorb or drain the excess water.


Question 13:

What is one of the effects of ill-drained conditions on crops?

  • A) Enhanced root growth
  • B) Restricted root growth
  • C) Increased soil fertility
  • D) Improved water retention

Answer: B) Restricted root growth
Explanation: Poor drainage leads to waterlogged soils, restricting root development and reducing plant health.


Question 14:

Which of the following is a potential benefit of proper drainage in agricultural systems?

  • A) Increased soil salinity
  • B) Improved soil ventilation
  • C) Reduced soil fertility
  • D) Increased soil erosion

Answer: B) Improved soil ventilation
Explanation: Proper drainage improves aeration by allowing air to reach plant roots, promoting healthy growth.


Question 15:

How can defective irrigation contribute to waterlogging?

  • A) By providing insufficient water to crops
  • B) By causing excess water accumulation in the soil
  • C) By creating soil erosion
  • D) By reducing water retention in the soil

Answer: B) By causing excess water accumulation in the soil
Explanation: Over-irrigation or poorly designed irrigation systems can result in excessive water buildup, leading to waterlogging.


Question 16:

What is the key difference between surface drainage and subsurface drainage?

  • A) Surface drainage removes water from the soil surface, while subsurface drainage removes water from below the surface
  • B) Surface drainage is used in dry climates, while subsurface drainage is used in wet climates
  • C) Surface drainage is more cost-effective than subsurface drainage
  • D) Subsurface drainage is used for irrigation, while surface drainage is used for water collection

Answer: A) Surface drainage removes water from the soil surface, while subsurface drainage removes water from below the surface
Explanation: Surface drainage removes excess water from the soil surface, while subsurface drainage deals with water below the surface.


Question 17:

Which of the following is a common method used for subsurface drainage in agricultural fields?

  • A) Canals
  • B) Trenches
  • C) Drainage pipes or tiles
  • D) Sprinkler systems

Answer: C) Drainage pipes or tiles
Explanation: Subsurface drainage systems use drainage pipes or tiles to remove water from below the soil surface.


Question 18:

What is a common negative effect of waterlogging on crops like maize or mustard?

  • A) Restricted root growth and lodging
  • B) Improved soil fertility
  • C) Enhanced plant growth
  • D) Increased resistance to pests

Answer: A) Restricted root growth and lodging
Explanation: Waterlogging restricts root development, which can cause lodging (plants falling over due to weak roots).


Question 19:

Why is mid-season drainage important for rice crops?

  • A) To reduce waterlogging and allow the soil to breathe
  • B) To increase soil fertility
  • C) To enhance root growth
  • D) To prevent over-irrigation

Answer: A) To reduce waterlogging and allow the soil to breathe
Explanation: Mid-season drainage allows soil to aerate, which is important for rice crop health.


Question 20:

How can proper drainage improve soil structure and decrease soil erosion?

  • A) By promoting healthy root growth and reducing soil compaction
  • B) By allowing more water retention in the soil
  • C) By increasing soil salinity
  • D) By creating drainage channels that lead to erosion

Answer: A) By promoting healthy root growth and reducing soil compaction
Explanation: Proper drainage improves soil structure and reduces compaction, which helps prevent erosion.ations.

MCQs on Irrigation Management and Drainage

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